Sunday, March 13, 2016

Women in Afghanistan

International Women's Day. The world recognized the annual International Women's Day this past week. All the major players provided news releases on the progress and obstacles in advancing women's rights.



CSTC-A and Women. The Combined Security Transition Command j- Afghanistan (CSTC-A) recently celebrated International Women's Day. A keynote speaker (see photo above) was Maj. Gen. Gordon "Skip" Davis, Jr. Every photo I ever see of this guy has him smiling! There is something seriously wrong here. Doesn't he know that he has three very good reasons not to be so jolly? 1) He lives and works on that small postage stamp of real estate in Kabul known as Camp Resolute Support, 2) he is in a war zone, and 3) he is tasked with training up the ANA and ANP. Hmmmm. Read more in a news press release by DVIDS, March 9, 2016.

AAF and Women. The Afghan Air Force hosted an International Women's Day conference on March 6th at the Kabul Air Wing. Approximately 200 AAF and Train, Advise, Assist Command-Air (TAAC-Air) military men and women attended the event to include guest speakers from the AAF commander to a young Afghan girl reading poetry. (DVIDS, Mar 8, 2016).

Role of Afghan Women. Laura Bush (former 1st Lady) is an honorary co-chair of the U.S.-Afghan Women's Council and chair of the Women's Initiative at the George W. Bush Institute. She has penned an opinion piece about women in Afghanistan where she explores the progress made for women in Afghanistan over the past 15 years and identifies the areas that still need further advances. Read "How Afghanistan's women are helping the country move forward", The Washington Post, March 7, 2016.

Book - We Are Afghan Women. The George W. Bush Presidential Center is publishing a book about Afghan women. The book is being released . . . timed with International Women's Day. "The book spotlights the stories of 29 inspiring and heroic Afghan women in their own voices and records their extraordinary struggles, resolve, and will to triumph in present-day Afghanistan." Read more about We Are Afghan Women: Voices of Hope.

Former Female Afghan War Vets Import Saffron. Members of the Harvard University community who are also veterans of the Afghan conflict have been importing saffron from Afghanistan. They operate a firm called Rumi Spice. The founders of the firm are a unique group of people - male, female, route clearance, Cultural Support Team, etc. Read more in "Veterans behind Rumi Spice source saffron directly from Afghan farmers", Food Navigator, March 9, 2016.

Court Reduces Sentences in Mob Killing of Farkhunda. Four men sentenced to death for the killing of a woman named Farkhunda (which received widespread international attention) have had their sentences reduced to as little as ten years in prison. (The New York Times, Mar 9, 2016).

Short Film - Masculinity in Afghanistan. The Afghanistan Research and Evaluation Unit (AREU) conducted some research titled The Other Side of Gender Inequality: Men and Masculinities in Afghanistan. A film based on this research was filmed. It has English subtitles and is 20 minutes long, and posted on YouTube.com on March 9, 2016. A little bit of culture about being a man and a women in Afghan society.

IDLG Wants More Women in Govt. The Independent Directorate of Local Governance has called for a stronger presence of women in local governance across Afghanistan. (Tolo News, Mar 7, 2016).

Radio Shaesta - Back on the Air. An Afghan women's radio station was put off the air as a result of the Taliban attack and subsequent occupation of the Kunduz city this past fall. The radio station was ransacked and the broadcasting equipment was confiscated or destroyed. But . . . they are back up and running. Read "Afghan Women's Radio Returns After Taliban Attack", Voice of America, March 8, 2016.

Women Reporters in Afghanistan. There are some difficulties and cultural barriers that women journalists face when reporting from Afghanistan. Read the story of two women reporters that were in northern Afghanistan in late 2001 in "No Woman's Land: On the Frontline with Female Reporters", International News Safety Institute, March 7, 2016.

Refugees, Migrants, and Interpreters

Afghan Migrants. Many refugees from Afghanistan are making their way (via people smugglers) across Iran into Turkey where they hope to either find work (and a place to live) or a way to get to Europe. However, Europe has begun the process of closing its doors after being overwhelmed with refugees from Syria, Afghanistan, and north Africa in 2015. Read more in "Afghans feel forgotten in Europe's migrant crisis"Reuters, March 6, 2016.

Young People Desperate to Leave Afghanistan. There is not a lot of opportunity for young Afghans. However Europe is no longer the promised land. Slovenia, Croatia, and Macedonia (long the transit nations for the migrant populations heading to Scandinavia and Germany) has been closing its borders. Economic migrants from Afghanistan are no longer welcome. Watch a video 1-minute long video entitled Determined to Leave Afghanistan, Even as Europe's Borders Close, Radio Free Europe, March 10, 2016.

Empty Promises for Migrants. Many Afghans making the treacherous journey to Europe are finding the promises made by human smugglers are not fulfilled. Read more in "European Dream Unfulfilled for Afghan Economic Migrants"Radio Free Europe, March 10, 2016.

CRS Report SIV. The Congressional Research Service (CRS) recently published a report on the Special Immigrant Visa program for Iraqi and Afghan interpreters (February 26, 2016).
www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=790970

Canada: Interpreters Wait While Refugees Accepted. I guess one has to wonder which government is treating former Afghan interpreters worse. Is it Canada or the United States. Neither government seems to give much priority to the Afghan interpreters to whom our military owes so much. Read more in "Refugees fast-tracked but interpreter forced to wait"Toronto Sun, March 8, 2016.

Helmand Province

Helmand Province - District by District. The fight for Helmand province over the past decade has been one of the most costly for both the Coalition and the Afghan government security forces. The British, Danish, U.S. Marines, and others have spent lots of money and lives trying to rest this volatile province from Taliban control. In part, this was successful until the Coalition withdrew its forces over the past two years. The Afghan National Army (ANA) 215th Corps and various police organizations were not up to the task. In addition, the government agencies were corrupt, absent, and terribly ineffective in establishing government functions and providing services. Overall, the Afghan government and security forces failed. Now most of the province is in Taliban hands.

The Afghanistan Analysts Network (AAN) does a comprehensive breakdown of the province - with an examination of who controls how much of each district. The report is in two parts. Read "Helmand: A crisis a long time coming", March 10, 2016 and "Helmand: the chain of chiefdoms unravels", March 11, 2016.

Govt Retreat from Helmand Districts. "Overstretched Afghan forces are pulling back from violent southern districts without a fight, ceding key territory to the resurgent Taliban as part of an unprecedented 'strategic retreat' that has stoked fears government control is slipping." Read more in "Afghan retreat from key districts stokes instability fears"Yahoo News!, March 6, 2016.

Govt Offices in Gereshk Attacked. Taliban militants have attacked government offices in Helmand province. The police headquarters and intelligence agency offices were attacked on March 9th. (Khaama Press, Mar 9, 2016).

Quetta Shura Leaders Now in Musa Qala. Some leaders of the Taliban's Quetta Shura are now in the Musa Qala district of Helmand province taking a prominent role in heading up the conflict with Afghan government forces. Read more in "Taliban Quetta Shura Leading War in Musa Qala of Helmand"Tolo News, March 6, 2016.

Different Perspective of Helmand. Much of the news in the Afghan and international media is about the security setbacks that the ANDSF have suffered at the hands of the Taliban in Helmand province. However, there is another side of the story. Helmand province offers much more than just conflict. Read "As the Taliban Menace Afghanistan, the Helmand River Offers Solace"The New York Times, March 8, 2016.

Alcohol, Helmand, & the Human Domain. Human Terrain Teams (HTTs) were established to help military commanders understand the local environment - specifically the human environment - or human terrain - if that suits you. Members of the HTTs were usually more attuned to the human environment due to their professional degrees, work experience, and time in Afghanistan (most did several back-to-back tours in the same province). However, that is not to say that the HTT pros were not surprised from time to time. One aspect of working with the Europeans (in this case the Danes) is their realistic approach to alcohol in a combat zone (versus the tightly-wrapped, zero-tolerance U.S. military). I will say that with three military trips to Afghanistan followed by three consecutive years as a contractor that I had some preferences; especially after having worked with the French in Kapisa and the Europeans in northern Afghanistan. So . . . back to the news report - "Johnnie Red in Helmand", by Ryan Evans, War on the Rocks,  June 19, 2014.

U.S. Advisors Retraining 215th Corps. The leadership of the 215th Corps was horrible this past year and has since been replaced. Soldiers of the corps did not receive pay, food, ammunition, or leave as a result of poor officership. Military advisors from the 10th Mountain Division are currently in Helmand province providing additional training to the ANA. Read more in "US soldiers retrain Afghan army battling Taliban ahead of poppy harvest", Stars and Stripes, March 10, 2016.

Defense News

U.S. Defense Spending Woes. A recent news story by Matthew Gault examines the national defense stance of the presidential candidates and where they stand on defense spending. And naturally, the F-35 comes under intense criticism. Read "Donald Trump is right about defense spending - and that should scare you"Reuters, March 2, 2016.

Countering Adversaries without War. The Arroyo Center of RAND Corporation has published a new report (52 pages, 2016) that it prepared for the U.S. Army. It is entitled The Power to Coerce: Countering Adversaries Without Going to WarThis paper explores the space in between hard military power and soft power. Evidently the short acronym for "Power to Coerce" is known as P2C . . . a new acronym for me.

Another Attack on HTS. Tom Vanden Brook of USA Today just can't say enough bad stuff about the Human Terrain System (HTS). His misguided and uniformed attacks are inaccurate and an attack on a very valuable program. Read his latest in "$725M program Army 'killed' found alive, growing", USA Today, March 9, 2016.

F-35 - "Huge Mess". The U.S. Director of Operational Test and Evaluation - DOT&E - recently released a scathing assessment of the F-35 - sometimes referred to as a plane that can do anything but nothing very well. Read "The F-35 Joint Strike Fighter Is Still a Huge Mess", War is Boring, March 9, 2016. See also "The F-35: Still Failing to Impress", Project on Government Oversight (POGO), March 7, 2016.

F-35 - "A Great Success". Air Force LTG Christopher Bogdan, the program executive for the F-35 Lighting II joint program office, provided his insight on the F-35. He says that we are having slow, steady progress with the questionable aircraft. If he can fly an airplane as well as he transitions his water bottle from hand to hand then he is quite an aviator. So . . . want to listen to a little spin? Watch a 60-minute long DoD News video posted on March 10, 2016 on DVIDSHUB.
www.dvidshub.net/video/453918/f-35-program-chief-speaks-defense-programs-conference


Book Review - Selling War. A new book details how the U.S. military lost in the information war early on in Iraq. For a glimpse of what this book is about read a review by Adam J. Tiffen in "The Information War That the US Lost in Iraq", Task & Purpose, March 7, 2016. The book Selling War: A Critical Look at the Military's PR Machine is now available on Amazon.com.

MISO and Marines. The USMC may soon be expanding its psychological operations (PSYOP) capabilities with the use of an expanded Military Information Support Operations (MISO) program. This is certainly a welcome move given the inability of the U.S. government and military to "control the narrative" in recent conflicts like Iraq and Afghanistan. Read "Marines May Expand Psychological Operations With New Specialty", Military.com, March 11, 2016.

CA Papers. A Civil Affairs Syposium was held in November 2015. Various associations and agencies took part. Five papers are presented in this report entitled 2015-2016 Civil Affairs Issue Papers: A Force for Engagement and Conflict Prevention. The papers cover topics on Counter-Unconventional Warfare, State Partnership Program, Conflict Prevention, International Police Engagement, and Developing Human Networks.
www.pksoi.org/index.cfm?disp=cdrview.cfm&cdrid=1580

Paper - Enhanced Army Airborne Forces. Several authors have collaborated on a RAND Corporation paper (132 pages) that examines the role of the U.S. Army's airborne forces in the future, the challenges it will likely face, the capabilities that it will need to face those challenges, and how to prioritize those capabilities. (RAND, Mar 2016).
www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR309.html

Navy Loosens the Rules. It appears that the Navy is going to be a little lax in the physical fitness category. It seems some are wondering why being able to do those pushups and run fast is important. The Navy's body fat restrictions changed in January and many sailors are getting second, third, and fourth chances to pass their physical fitness test. Read "Navy loosens body fat rules to retain sailors", Military Times, March 7, 2016.

Closing GITMO. Congress required the president to submit a plan for how to close the Guantanamo Bay detention facility in Cuba. Obama had made this a presidential imperative but up to now has not come up with an alternate plan (other than releasing terrorists) to downsize the population and to continue to detain those deemed too dangerous to release. The White House submitted a plan in early March 2016. You can read the 21 page document posted on defense.gov entitled Plan for Closing the Guantanamo Bay Detention Facility.

Governance News

Dar-ul-Aman Palace, Kabul, Afghanistan

MoU Signed with Indonesia. The Foreign Ministers of Indonesia and Afghanistan signed a Memorandum of Understanding on diplomatic training cooperation recently. Read a press release by the Afghan Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Mach 6, 2016.

Old Palace Renovations. President Ghani has indicated that the old Afghan palace located outside of Kabul - Dar-ul-Aman - will be renovated. Certainly it is a big part of Afghanistan's history. I have seen that palace up close. It will require lots of money and work to bring it back to life.

Afghan Justice System. Anyone familiar with the Afghan justice system knows that it is under-funded, under-staffed, and very corrupt. If you have money then you can have justice; otherwise you are in for a long wait and the short end of the stick. The Human Rights Watch organization has come out (once again) against the judicial branch of the Afghan government. This time the outrage is over the reduction of sentences for those convicted of killing an Afghan women who was falsely accused of burning the Koran. Read "HRW Slams Afghan Justice System", Radio Free Europe,  March 13, 2016.

EU Anti-Corruption Campaign. The European Union will be launching yet another anti-corruption endeavor to help Afghan citizens fight corruption and seek to mobilize support for stronger government action against corruption. Yep. I am sure the campaign will be "a great success". Read more in a press release by the EU, 12 March 2016.

Cooperation Needed. President Ghani has stressed the need for cooperation between the cabinet members and the parliamentarians in a bid to help resolve national-level issues facing Afghanistan. Read "NUG Leaders Urge Cooperation Between Cabinet and Parliament", Tolo News, March 5, 2016.

Women in the Military

Italian Female Soldier (DVIDS)

New Issue - PRISM. The Center for Complex Operations of the National Defense University (NDU) has posted a new issue of PRISM, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2016. This quarterly publication has a wealth of articles on many topics. This specific issue, 214 pages long, is entitled "Women, Peace, & Inclusive Security". Some of the articles explore the use of Female Engagement Teams (FETs) and Cultural Support Teams (CSTs) as well as female members of the National Guard's Agribusiness Development Teams in Afghanistan. Also profiled are female members of military units from NATO and around the world.

U.S. Female Soldier in Pre-Ranger Training (DVIDS)

Lower PT Standards for Females in Rangers? According to one news article posted on SOFREP.com the Ranger Regiment & school are now adopting different physical fitness standards for men and women who will enter training for Ranger School and once assigned to the Ranger Regiment. Apparently the regiment is moving to an "Army Physical Fitness Test" (APFT) that is not 'one size fits all'.

The new annual requirement for someone assigned to the Ranger Regiment according to SOFREP.com is "2 x APFTs (min 60 points in ea. event, scaled by age & gender) IAW Army Regulations". So, at age 17-21, men are required to do the minimum of 53 sit-ups, 42 push-ups, and a 15.54 two-mile run; women are required to do the minimum of 53 sit-ups, 19 push-ups, and a 18:54 two-mile run. See the current "Army Physical Fitness Test Scorecard" for the different physical standards by gender and age group.

If true, this is truly disconcerting news. Read "Proof that standards will be dropped for females entering the 75th Ranger Regiment"SOFREP.com, March 7, 2016.

Army's Gender Integration Implementation Plan. The U.S. Army's plan is a detailed approach for integrating women into all military occupational specialties (MOSs). The paves the way for female Soldiers to serve in the Infantry, Armor, and Special Forces.
www.army.mil/standto/archive_2016-03-10

Most Marines Opposed to Women in Combat Units. "A survey of nearly 54,000 members of the Marine Corps found that two out of three male Marines and one out three female Marines were opposed to opening all combat jobs to women." Read more in "How big is opposition to women in combat units among Marines? This report explains.", The Washington Post,  March 10, 2016.

SOF News

Afghanistan's Commandos. There are about 11,000 Afghan soldiers assigned to the Afghan National Army Special Operations Command (ANASOC). To many observers these are the men that will ensure Afghanistan does not fall to the Taliban and they are the crack troops that respond to dire situations (such as the fall of Kunduz city in late 2015). The commando and special forces units have a very low attrition rate - especially when compared to the remainder of the Afghan army and police forces. However, there are some problems. The commando units are not always used in the proper role and are usually over-employed by Corps commanders of the Afghan army. There is a shortage of training ammunition and uniforms . . . and the training facilities at Camp Moorehead (just outside of Kabul) are not sufficient for the number of soldiers training at that location. Read more in a news story by Tim Craig - "These are the 11,000 soldiers who might save Afghanistan", The Washington Post, March 8, 2016.

Hybrid Warfare Skeptic. The hybrid warfare concept has been around for at least a decade if not more. There are other terms and phases that have been introduced that are very close to the hybrid warfare definition to include, Ambiguous Warfare, Gray Zone, Political Warfare, etc. One commentator, Christopher Paul, provides his thoughts on the various concepts that describe the space between peace and war. A long intellectual read . . . if you are an SF dude then it is in your lane. Dr. Paul is a senior social scientist working for RAND Corporation. Read "Confessions of a Hybrid Warfare Skeptic", Small Wars Journal, March 3, 2016.

A New Unconventional Warfare Strategy & Human Domain. Carole N. House writes an extensive article that defines " . . . critical restructuring needs of the U.S. government . . . " and proposes " . . . strategic lines of effort to facilitate a comprehensive national approach to the conduct of unconventional warfare and countering its use against the United States". Read "Proposal of an Unconventional Warfare Strategy to Dominate the Human Domain", Small Wars Journal, March 7, 2016.

CANSOF and Africa. Canadian special forces have recently completed their participation in the U.S. military exercise called "Flintlock" that was held in Africa. (Ottawa Citizen, Mar 7, 2016).

Australian Special Forces Chief Making Amends. It's tough for a special operations soldier nowadays. In the current atmosphere of political correctness it is like walking on thin ice. Then again, the military is not a place where sexual harassment should take place. Those irascible folks from down under! Read someone finding out how difficult navigating this new terrain is in "Cleared special forces chief apologises to complainants", The West Australian, March 9, 2016.

US SOF in Libya. General Tony Thomas, currently the head of the Joint Special Operations Command (JSOC) has been nominated by President Obama to head up the United States Special Operations Command (USSOCOM). He recently testified before (Wed, 9 Mar) the Senate Armed Services Committee where he stated that he supports the deployment of SOF to Libya to oppose the growth of the Islamic State. Read more in "Obama nominee supports sending special operators to Libya", The Hill Blog, March 9, 2015.

Italian SOF in Libya. The Italians made it in the news as well; although under unfavorable conditions. They have been accused of beating up (verbally and physically) news reporters in Libya. Probably a small incident but . . . (Eurasia Review, Mar 12, 2016).

SOF Mission in Somalia? It would seem that U.S. special operations are just about everywhere. A recent news report indicates that U.S. SOF conducted a helicopter assault on the al-Shabab terror group in Somalia. Read more in "U.S. Special Operations Forces Involved in Somalia Raid: Defense Officials", NBC News, March 9, 2016.

SOF, Corruption, and Somalia. One of the difficulties in working with foreign military forces that are engaged in internal conflicts is that the governments are usually corrupt. In underdeveloped nations this is usually the case. Thus special operations forces find themselves engaged in counterinsurgency efforts that prop up a corrupt government. This is true of Afghanistan, Iraq, and many other places. It is also true of Somalia. A good friend of mine who worked as a counterinsurgency advisor for several years in Afghanistan recently completed a two-year stretch in Somalia. His contract ended when he confronted a high-ranking Somali officer who was pocketing an excessive amount of money and supplies for his personal enrichment; robbing the lower ranking soldiers of ammunition, food, money, and other supplies. Want to know more? Read "Somalia: A Sober Assessment", Strategy Page, March 11, 2016.

SOF and the 'Small Footprint". Max Boot, a commentator on terrorism and national security, shares his thoughts on the over-reliance on special operations forces in Afghanistan, Iraq, and around the world in "The Perils of a Small Footprint", Commentary Magazine, March 10, 2016.

SF Training on Okinawa. The Green Berets of the 1st Special Forces Group train for many different types of missions in the Pacific region. Read more in "Special Forces get ready", Army.mil, March 10, 2016.

SF LTC in Anti-Trump Ad. Mike Waltz, a two-time Afghan veteran, occasional commentator on Fox News, and author of one or two books about Afghanistan has been seen nation-wide in a widely distributed anti-Trump ad. Read more in "Former Special Forces Commander Featured in New Anti-Trump Ad", Task & Purpose, March 7, 2016.

SOF is Evolving and Adapting. The United States Special Operations Command's operators are adapting to an ever changing security situation around the world. On any given day U.S. SOF are deployed to over 80 countries. Read a DoD News release on this topic. (DoD News, Mar 8, 2016).

SOF in Pacific. General Votel, commander of USSOCOM, says that special operations continue to work in the Asia-Pacific region. Read "Commander: SOCOM Never Left the Pacific", Seapower Magazine,  March 8, 2016.

First Female SEALs in 2017? The Navy is pushing ahead to integrate women into the SEAL teams. New Navy documentation lays out the training, recruiting, and assignment plan to place women into previously closed special ops jobs. (Task & Purpose, Mar 11, 2016).

SOF & Maneuver Career Courses. The students of the Maneuver Captains Career Course and the SOF Captains Career Course are working together to enhance interoperability. (Bayonent & Saber, March 8, 2016).

NG SF General "H.B." Profiled. A Special Forces general gets himself into the news in "Olive Hill Childhood Was Foundation for Brigadier General",  Journal-Times, March 9, 2016.

CIA Director at SEAL Event. John O. Brennan, the director of the Central Intelligence Agency recently spoke at the Navy SEAL Foundation 8th New York City Benefit Dinner in early March 2016. Your can read his prepared remarks in a transcript provided on the CIA's webpage.

Drones

Drone Playbook. The Obama administration has a agreed to release a redacted version of a policy that the president issued in 2013 laying out basic principles for the lethal U.S. drone operations overseas. The Presidential Policy Guidance document is being released due to pressure (another court case) from that very patriotic and security conscious organization known as the American Civil Liberties Union. Read more in "Obama to release drone 'playbook'"Politico.eu, March 5, 2016.

Killing by Remote Control. Alex Harris examines the increasing reliance of western countries on technological solutions to complex problems. Read Killing by Remote Control: Western Countries Relying on Technology in the Military, E-International Relations, March 7, 2016.

Intelligence News

LGBT - It's Okay Now. In times gone by a member of the intelligence community having an 'alternative lifestyle' could be a career ender. Times have changed and the U.S. spy agencies are very welcoming (at least the official stance is) to members of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender employees. The only hiccup is the modification of the current work environment so that six types of bathrooms are located on every floor of federal buildings. No big deal though, as the intelligence community has lots of money - it can afford the redesign and structural modification of its many buildings in DC and around the world. Read more in "U.S. spy agencies to celebrate LGBT employees"Thomson Reuters Foundation News, March 11, 2016.

Former CIA Agent Shares His Stories. Gary Schroen linked up with the Northern Alliance in Afghanistan in the fall of 2001 after the terrorists attacks on the United States in September 2001. He provides us with stories of his career exploits on Afghanistan and around the world in "Ex-CIA operative shares tales of espionage", Lincoln Journal Star, March 11, 2016.

Intel -  The Afghan Way. One wouldn't think that Viagra pills would provide you with lots of intelligence but . . . it did for SF teams in 2002 and it appears that it is still working! Read more in "U.S. hands over Viagra pills to Afghan warlords in return for vital Taliban intelligence", Daily Mail, December 31, 2008. (dated article but still interesting!).

"The CIA Agent Who Wasn't". Read the intriguing story of a man who claimed to work for 27 years as an operator in the agencies paramilitary branch, went on to be a Fox News guest commentator, and deployed twice to Afghanistan on DoD contracts. For years Wayne Simmons played this game but then one ex-spook got suspicious. Read "The Plot to Take Down a Fox News Analyst", The New York Times Magazine, March 1, 2016.

OPM Hack - Serious Stuff. The Office of Personnel Management managed to screw up badly when its poor computer security measures allowed the Chinese to hack into its files and download millions of security clearance documents (mine included). Read why this is one of the worst intelligence failures ever in "Why the OPM Hack Is Far Worse Than You Imagine", Lawfare Blog, March 11, 2016.

Spying on Spies. "To prevent whistleblowing, U.S. intelligence agencies are instructing staff to spy on their colleagues." Read "Watch Thy Neighbor", Foreign Policy, March 11, 2016.

Palantir and NGOs. The software firm linked to the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is gaining ground in the non-governmental organization aid world. It has potential to revolutionize disaster coordination, management, and response.  This has some humanitarians worried. A month-long investigation reveals that a software application used by the CIA and U.S. special operations forces is tackling a range of humanitarian problems. Read more in "Spies Sans Frontieres?", IRIN News, March 6, 2016.

Afghan Police

EUPOL Newsletter. The March 2016 issue of the European Union Police Mission in Afghanistan is available online (and download as PDF). The eleven pages have a number of topics about the ANP and MoI. Some of the articles include subjects such as community policing, introduction of EUPOL's chief of staff, interview with MoI Deputy Minister of Interior General Rahman Rahman, leadership skills and management, illegal migration, education for police trainers, intelligence seminar, and more.

Police HQs Attacked in Helmand. The Taliban attacked a police headquarters and intelligence agency office early Wednesday in Afghanistan's Helmand province. Three police officers were killed along with seven attackers. (The Washington Post, March 9, 2016).

Unfavorable Video. Authorities in Afghanistan say they're investigating the circumstances around a disturbing video clip that appears to show police officers taking part in the brutal torture of an alleged terror suspect. Read "Afghan Officials Vow Fresh Probes Into Police Torture Video", Radio Free Europe, March 10, 2016.

Afghan War News Snippets


Deploying. A small group of Soldiers from Fort Bragg, NC going on a deployment. Read "82nd Airborne Division postal unit headed to Afghanistan", Fayetteville Observer, March 7, 2016.

Flights to Bamyan. The road from Bamyan to Kabul is fraught with danger. The Taliban will stop cars at random along the east-west road and government troops are hard-pressed to defend the many static checkpoints setup on the throughway. So its good news that flights are now available for transport to/from Bamyan and Kabul. The Afghan airline known as Kam Air (and also known for drug smuggling for high-ranking government officials in years past) will take your money for a trip to Afghanistan's ski resort area. (Khaama Press, Mar 9, 2016).

Movie Review - Hyena Road. This film, released in October 2015, is set in Panjwei district, Kandahar province, Afghanistan. A Canadian unit is charged with building a road but there is a slight problem - insurgents. Read "Hyena Road Brings Grinding Complexity of Ground Combat In Afghanistan to the Screen", Task & Purpose, March 10, 2016.

Canadian Memorial for Afghan War. More than 40,000 Canadians served in Afghanistan between 2001 and 2014. The previous Canadian government supported the establishment of a Afghanistan War Memorial; however, it is unknown what the present government plans are. Read more in "Former ministers press to save Afghanistan war memorial", iPolitics.ca, March 6, 2016.

Practice Your Writing Skills

The Afghan War News Blog and the Afghan War News website is constantly striving to keep its blog, weekly newsletter, and website factual, current, and relevant. If you have a link to a website or document you feel should be shared with the greater community then please send it to us. In addition, we are looking for individuals with knowledge, experience, and expertise in Afghanistan on a wide range of topics (culture, security, development, governance, politics, etc.) to contribute blog posts and articles to our blog and add content to our website. Frequency of submission is up to you. If you wrote a paper on a relevant topic and would like to share it send it to us for posting on the blog and / or the website.  If I missed an important story about Afghanistan - please let me know. Send the link! And naturally, if you see errors, outdated information, or broken links please let us know.

staff@afghanwarnews.info

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Sunday, March 6, 2016

Afghan War News Blog - Mar 6, 2016

Welcome to the Afghan War Blog Weekly Newsletter. Articles are posted online on the blog and sent out via email newsletter on Sunday morning. We welcome comments, ideas for stories, contributions, and guest writers! Visit our website at www.afghanwarnews.info, follow us on Twitter at @AfghanWarBlog, and on LinkedIn at www.linkedin.com/in/afghan-war-news.

Change of Command for Resolute Support Mission


On March 2nd, 2016 the Resolute Support Headquarters conducted a Change of Command ceremony. General John Campbell passed command of the NATO mission in Afghanistan to General John Nicholson. General Campbell spent 18 months at the senior NATO commander in Afghanistan. He succeeded General Joe Dunford (now chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff). At the end of 2014 Campbell oversaw the transition from the ISAF mission to the Resolute Support Mission. Nicholson begins his fourth tour in Afghanistan.

Read some related news articles and videos on the CoC Ceremony:

"Dunford Arrives in Kabul for Change of  Command, Consultations with Afghans", DoD News, Mar 1, 2016.

"A new U.S. commander takes over at deteriorating Afghanistan war", Los Angeles Times, Mar 2, 2016.

"NATO Secretary General welcomes change of command in Afghanistan", NATO, March 2, 2016.

"New U.S. General Takes Command of Coalition Forces in Afghanistan", The New York Times, March 2, 2016.

Change of Command at Resolute Support mission in Afghanistan, Resolute Support, March 2, 2016. 2-minute long video posted on YouTube of the CoC ceremony in Kabual.
www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dy74urTLUeM

Gen. Campbell's Last Media Engagement in Afghanistan, Resolute Support, March 2, 2016. 7-minute long video posted on YouTube by RSM.
www.youtube.com/watch?v=qMUvbAKD-KM

Helmand Province

RS Advisors - "Leave Bases  & Attack". Resolute Support advisors are harping about the importance of the Afghan National Defense Security Forces (ANDSF) of leaving bases (a defensive posture) and going on the defensive. There is a certain amount of consternation of the lack of offensive operations by some Afghan brigades. For instance, just over a year ago a stroll through the 209th Corp base in northern Afghanistan would find hundreds of ANA soldiers planting trees and flowers - far from the battlefield. There is a disconnect within the leadership of the ANA. Read more in "Come out of bases and attack rebels, Afghan forces told", Pajhwok Afghan News, March 2, 2016.

Heavy Clashes in Helmand. There are some serious engagements taking place in the southern province of Helmand, Afghanistan. Both sides are suffering heavy casualties. Read more in Pajhwok Afghan News, March 5, 2016.

Sangin District Under Threat. This district in Helmand province remains a volatile battleground and the lines of communications from the district to the provincial capital are difficult to travel along. Afghan government troops are attempting to clear the areas along the highway but are meeting stiff Taliban resistance. Read more in "Troops in Sangin Call for Air Support", Tolo News, March 2, 2016.

Security News

Gen Austin - Spinning the Narrative.  The commander of U.S. Central Command, General Lloyd Austin, says that Afghan military is making progress - saying "The Afghans are very capable . . ." Um, okay. If you say so. Read more in "Afghanistan's Security Forces Making Progress, Centcom Says", U.S. DoD, March 2, 2016.

Another Deployment for 3rd Cav. About 1,000 Soldiers from the 3rd Cavalry Regiment will deploy to Afghanistan in the spring of 2016. The Fort Hood Soldiers will be part of a regular rotation of forces in support of Operation Freedom's Sentinel. Read more in a news report (Military Times, March 2, 2016).

Two Turks Killed. Two Turkish nationals were killed Saturday in a shooting in Kabul. The police are investigating.

Anniversary of Operation Anaconda. In March 2002 U.S. forces in Afghanistan launched Operation Anaconda to attack al-Qaeda and Taliban forces located in a mountain valley in eastern Afghanistan. Several U.S. servicemen were lost in the battle.
www.afghanwarnews.info/battles/operation-anaconda.htm

Pakistan Harboring Taliban Leaders? The Pakistani prime minister's adviser on foreign affairs has indicated that the leadership of the Afghan Taliban is living in Pakistan. A bold admission of something that many have accused Pakistan of doing for many years. Read more in "Why did Pakistan admit to hosting the Afghan Taliban?", BBC News, March 3, 2016. Read a related article entitled "Diminishing Control Motivates Pakistan to Assert Taliban Influence", Gandhara Blog, March 3, 2016.

Indian Consulate Attacked. A consulate in Nangarhar was attacked and several militants were killed. Read more in "Afghanistan militants dead in Jalalabad attack", BBC News, March 2, 2016. Civilians were killed and wounded in the attack as well.

Gen Dunford Says . . . . that the Afghans are applying security lessons learned in 2015. (DoD News,  Mar 4, 2016). Dunford was the commander for the International Security Force Afghanistan (ISAF) in 2013-2014. He is now the Chief of the Joint Staff and recently visited Afghanistan for the change of command ceremony for Resolute Support.

Lots of Hats. A recent news article contemplates the different types of hats found among the coalition forces at the Resolute Support base in Kabul. A stroll around the compound will find many styles and colors of berets, Australian bush hats with their unique chin strap, French hats with colorful feathers, and more. Then of course, there is the disconcerting habit of British military of not wearing any hat at all that throws U.S. SGMs into a significant panic attack. Read more in "Hats Point to Diversity, Size of Coalition in Afghanistan", DoDLive, March 3, 2016.

Former Governor Freed. The former governor of Herat province was abducted in Pakistan last month by gunmen and was released by security forces. It seems that the captors were transporting him by auto and they were stopped at a checkpoint. Read more in this news story by Kidnap and Ransom Magazine, February 29, 2016.

Badakhshan Opn Soon? There are news reports saying that the Afghan National Defense and Security Forces (ANDSF) will soon be mounting an offensive to clear insurgents out of parts of Badakhshan province. Read more in a news report by Tolo News, March 5, 2016.

Afghan Army Logistics. Philip Lere examines the good and bad of Afghan Army logistics system in "The Coalition, Scarcity and the Afghan Army Logistics System", Small Wars Journal, March 3, 2016.

CIVCAS in Paktia Province? The ANDSF recently (Jan 2016) conducted a multi-agency operation in Zurmat that seems to have caused some civilian casualties. Read more in "The ANSF's Zurmat Operation: Abuses against local civilians", Afghanistan Analysts Network (AAN),  March 4, 2016.

Districts Handed to Taliban by Govt? Chief Executive Officer Abdullah Abdullah has dismissed speculations about the planned hand over of certain districts to the anti-government armed militant groups. Some districts across the country have been abandoned by the ANDSF and that has led to speculation. Read more in "Abdullah dismiss speculations about planned hand over of districts to militants", Khaama Press, March 3, 2016.

District Falls to Govt Troops. The Afghan National Defense Security Forces (ANDSF) has retaken a district that had been under Taliban control for some time. Operations were launched to retake Dand-e-Ghori district of Baghlan province in late January. One of the side effects of the Taliban occupation of the district was the cutting of power lines providing electricity to Kabul. Read more in "Afghan forces take full control of Dand-e-Ghori in Baghlan from Taliban", Khaama Press, March 3, 2016.

Commentary


Ominous Future for Afghanistan. A retired general officer of the Indian Army Forces, Lt. Gen P. C. Katoch,  provides us his perspective on the political and security situation in Afghanistan and the region. Read "2016 for Afghanistan: Ominous spell will continue", South Asia Monitor, March 3, 2016.

Why GITMO Should Stay Open. The latest capture of a high-level operative of the Islamic State in the Middle East highlights the importance of keeping our detention facility in Cuba intact. Read more in an opinion by Max Boot entitled "Thank Goodness for GITMO", Commentary Magazine, March 2, 2016.

Leadership Needed. Some of the recent criticisms of the Afghan police and army is that of its commanding officers. Read more in "Afghan Security Institutions Need Robust Leadership", Gandhara Blog, March 5, 2016.

Human Rights. The western concept of human rights is at odds with local Afghan concepts of human rights. Read more in "Human Rights in Afghanistan Today: Dreams and Realities", The World Post, March 4, 2016.

Kurds Rebellion - 25 Years. Shortly after the U.S. and other coalition nations halted military operations during the Gulf War in Kuwait and Iraq (1991) the Shias in southern Iraq and Kurds in northern Iraq revolted. They quickly took fourteen of Iraq's eighteen provinces. However, the United States did not intervene (establishing a no-fly zone for Iraq's helicopters probably would have been instrumental) and both the revolts in the north and south were quickly crushed. In the north almost 2 million Kurds quickly fled to the Iran and Turkey borders - causing a huge humanitarian disaster. Read more in "Remembering the Iraqi Uprising Twenty-Five Years Ago", by Micah Zenko, Council on Foreign Relations, March 5, 2016.

Opium . . . and Agriculture

Opium Makes a Comeback. 2015 say a 19 percent decrease in opium production in Afghanistan due (not to government eradication efforts) fungus and weevils. However, 2016 is projected to be a more successful year for the poppy growers. Read more in "Opium bounces back, enriching Taliban and Afghan officials"IRIN, March 4, 2016.

Poppy Production Examined. Catherine Putz dissects poppy growth in Afghanistan in "Is Poppy Production Really Down in Afghanistan?"The Diplomat, March 4, 2016.

Bamyan Agricultural Area Struggles. Making a living in Afghanistan in agriculture is problematic. The security issues, varying climate, and harsh sparse growing areas all contribute to 'hit or miss' seasons with growing crops. Learn how one valley in Bamyan province is coping with the assistance of the Conservation Organization for Afghanistan Mountains (COAM) in "Preserving a Pristine Landscape in Bamyan"United Nations Development Programme, August 2015.

Governance News

Obama & Ghani Chat. Two presidents recently had a video conference where they exchange pleasantries and complimented each other on "a job well done". Read a press release entitled "Readout of the President's Video Conference with Afghan President Ashraf Ghani"The White House, March 4, 2016.

China Visit to Afghanistan. The military chief of China recently visited Kabul and talked to the Afghan leadership about a four-nation regional alliance against terrorism. The four countries would include China, Afghanistan, Pakistan and Tajikistan. Of course, this new initiative is for China's benefit as these three of the countries border China's Xinjiang province where the population (to some extent) is supportive of the Muslim Uighur East Turkestan Islamic Movement or ETIM. Read more in "Afghanistan Welcomes Chinese Anti-terror Proposal"Voice of America, March 1, 2016.

Weapons from China? There are indications that China might increase its military aid to Afghanistan. Read more in "Afghanistan to give China military equipment wish list", Khaama Press, March 4, 2016.

Corruption - Lots of It! A high-ranking official at the Ministry of Interior has expressed deep concern over the alleged interference of influential figures and high ranking officials in high profile cases. Read more in "MoI Concerned Over Interference in Criminal Cases", Tolo News, March 5, 2016.

Russian Debt. Russia has agreed to turn debts payable by Afghanistan into non-refundable grants. This will certainly help to strengthen and expand trade, economic, and social relations between the two countries. Read more in a report by Khaama Press, March 3, 2016.

Afghan Parliament. The organization known as Democracy International has published a paper entitled A Survey of the Afghan Parliament, Wave Three. It is part of the Afghanistan Electoral Reform and Civic Advocacy Project (AERCA) and the document was issued in March 2016.

Defense News


McCain Slams Air Force. A Vietnam veteran, Navy pilot, and long-time Senator recently took aim at Air Force brass for their handling of the A-10 controversy. Read (and watch the video) more in "McCain slams USAF chief Welsh on A-10 effectiveness", Air Force Times, March 3, 2016.

Retire A-10? Hell No. Service leaders claim the decision to retire the very effective CAS aircraft is based on cost and effectiveness. Some critics say that a close analysis of the data says otherwise. I agree. Read "The Air Force's Argument for Retiring the A-10 Makes No Sense", Defense One, March 5, 2016.

Video - Army Budget Testimony. General Mark Milley and the Acting Secretary of the Army recently testified on March 3, 2016 before the House Committee on Appropriations on the Army Budget. You can watch the 1 1/2 hour long video on YouTube.com posted by House Committee.
www.youtube.com/watch?v=UEVvDsuUMlc

SOLLIMS Sampler - "Building Stable Governance". The Peacekeeping and Stability Operations Institute (PKSOI) has published the March 2016 issue of SOLLIMS and there are several articles about governance in Afghanistan that could be of interest to some.
www.pksoi.org/index.cfm?disp=cdrview.cfm&cdrid=1567

Coalition Operations. Mark A. Carter, a government civilian employee of DoD and retired military, provides his thoughts on the challenges faced by Geographic Combatant Commanders when operating as part of a multinational force and makes some suggestions to improve multinational and interagency operations. Read his analysis in "Future Conflicts: The Risks and Rewards of Coalition Operations", Small Wars Journal, March 4, 2016.

SOF Mag - Online Only. The print magazine Soldier of Fortune, established in the mid-70s is ceasing print operations and will be available online. Read more in "The Greatest Mercenary Magazine of All Time is Folding", by Adam Linehan, Task & Purpose, March 1, 2016.

Closing Bases? The military would love to cut down on the number of bases across the country but it runs into opposition from Congress. Read more "Latest DoD plan to close U.S. bases gets mild response in Congress", Military Times, March 3, 2016.

ISIS News

Cyber Campaign Against ISIS. This past Monday the DoD revealed that the military has launched a cyber campaign against the Islamic State that aims to disrupt its communications and operations. Read more in "Pentagon Cyber Campaign Against ISIS Signals a New Era in Warfare"Forbes.com, March 1, 2016.

How SOF does Kill / Capture? The SOF units of the U.S. are actively engaged in operations against high-level ISIS members in Syria and Iraq. A recent news report tells us how and why these types of operations are conducted in "Kill or Capture and the Islamic State", The Soufan Group, March 4, 2016.

SOF Captures High-Level ISIS Militant. Now that a high-level militant has been captured - how long will the U.S. detain him and who does he get handed over to once interrogation is completed? Does he go to the Kurds? Maybe the Iraqi government? Or does the U.S. retain him and bring him to the states? Read more in "US Special Operations Forces Captured a 'Significant' Islamic State Militant - Now What?", by Benjamin Gilbert, V ice News, March 3, 2016.

ISIS and WMDs? Two acronyms, when put together, are downright scary. "ISIS and WMDs". Could the Islamic State build a WMD - such as a 'dirty bomb' or biological weapon? Read more in "The ISIS WMD Threat", The CIPHER Brief,  March 4, 2016.

SOF News

SOF and Social Media. USSOCOM says it must be able to integrate the use of social media into all of its operations. Read more in "America's silent warriors look to up their game on social media"Military Times, March 2, 2016.

SOF and Fight for Mosul. United States special operations forces are preparing the ground for Iraq's campaign to retake the key city of Mosul from the Islamic State. Read more in "U.S. Snags Key ISIS Leader as Fight for Mosul Gets Underway"Foreign Policy, March 2, 2016.

"Mother of all Battles" - Mosul. The British SAS and US special forces are gearing up to help out the Iraqi forces (and Kurds) to retake the northern city of Mosul, Iraq. Read more in "SAS and US special forces plotting mother of all battles to smash ISIS in Mosul", UK Express, March 4, 2016.

Delta Captures High-Ranking ISIS Militant. News reports say that Delta Force has captured a high-ranking Islamic State militant in northern Iraq. Presumably he will undergo some interrogation before being handed off to the Kurds or Iraqi officials. Very little chance he goes to Guantanamo, Cuba. Read more in "U.S. Delta Force Commandos Capture Suspected ISIS Militant in Northern Iraq"NBC News, March 2, 2016.

SEALs Not Getting Weapons They Need? According to one U.S. Congressman, Duncan Hunter - a former Marine- the U.S. Navy SEALs are not getting the modern weapons in the sufficient quantities that they need. General Votel - commander of USSOCOM recently endured some questioning on this matter while testifying before Congress. Read more in "Lawmakers Question Special Ops Leaders over Small Arms Shortages", Miltary.com, March 1, 2016.

SOF - Testimony Before Congress. General Votel (USSOCOM) and Theresa Whelan (SOLIC) recently testified before the House Armed Services Committee about special operations forces. Read more in "Special Operators' Challenges Call for New Priorities, Officials Say", Army.mil, March 3, 2016.

BG Bolduc Honored. BG Donald Bolduc, a former commander of the CJSOTF-A (2011) was recently given honors by some African nations. Bolduc is now the commander of Special Operations Command Africa (based in Germany). Read more in "African nation honors Laconia soldier", The Citizen, March 5, 2016.

CNN Reports Spilling SOF Secrets? It appears that if your name is Barbara Starr you get to report juicy tidbits of info on special operations mission that others would get into trouble for. Read more in a news report by Popular Military, March 4, 2016.

Combat Patches Okay . . . After All. One of the brigades of the 101st Airborne Division at Fort Campbell recently directed that personnel remove their combat patches during training. Seems that the younger troops who had not deployed were feeling inadequate. However, the acting division commander, Scott Brower (former 5th SFGA cdr) quickly changed that stupidity. The combat patches are now back on! Read more in "Directive to remove combat patches on soldiers rescinded", The Leaf-Chronicle, March 4, 2016.

New NSW Commander. Rear Admiral Timothy Szymanski - currently serving as assistant commander for operations at JSOC - will take command of the Naval Special Warfare Command in San Diego, California. he will replace Rear Admiral Brian Losey (who is running into difficulties getting promoted). He served at one point with the Special Operations Joint Task Force - Afghanistan (SOJTF-A). Read more in a news report by USNI News, March 1, 2016.

Degree in SOF. Norwich University is offering an online Bachelor of Science in Strategic Studies and Defense Analysis for current active duty, National Guard, reserve, and retired special operators. Read more at the following link. http://online.norwich.edu/ssda-strategic-studies-defense-analysis/overview

Intelligence News

CID Director Criticized by Former Spooks. "Former CIA officers are expressing exasperation over John Brennan's recent remark that 'we don't steal secrets'". It seems that the CIA Director told National Public Radio last week that he objects to the idea that the CIA engages in theft. Hmmmm. I thought the CIA was supposed to have spies that found out stuffs that others didn't want us to know. Read more in "Former Spooks Criticize CIA Director John Brennan for Spying Comments", NBC News, March 2, 2016. See also "Time for a New CIA?", The Cipher Brief, March 2, 2016.

Israeli Intelligence. A recent article by Shay Hershkovitz explains the organization and processes of the intel agencies of Israel. Read "Israel's Intelligence Wars", War on the Rocks, March 2, 2016.

Paper - Privacy Research and Best Practices. A summary report (66 pages) of a workshop for the intelligence community has been published by the National Academies Press (2016).

What is the "PDB"? Each day (or at least most days) the President of the United States begins his day with the President's Daily Brief (PDB). This update contains the most sensitive intelligence reporting and analysis in the world. Read more in "All the President's Secrets: The History of the President's Daily Briefing", Foreign Affairs, February 26, 2016.

Drones

SOCOM's Drones and GWOT. SOCOM is using drones (or UAVs) extensively in the Global War on Terror (yes, I still call it that). Read more in "Less"K money but more action for SOCOM's drones", Stars and Stripes, March 2, 2015.

OBL and the "Spy Planes". The release of another bunch of documents seized during the raid on Osama bin-Laden's compound in Pakistan reveals a certain sense of worry about U.S. drones overhead. Read more in "Reading Bin Laden's Letters: Paranoia and the 'Spy Planes Problem' ", The Diplomat, March 2, 2016.

Movie Review - Eye in the Sky. Everyone's favorite old, female actress - Helen Mirren - plays a British military officer who has been chasing a bad guy (terrorist) for years with the intent to capture. Ethical dilemmas occur when an American drone has 'eyes on'. I'll wait until it shows on Netflix; just can't be as good as the numerous 'Kill TV" episodes I have seen in man TOCs and JOCs over the years. Read a movie review of the latest drone film in "Eye in the Sky: Thriller explores ethical questions of drone warfare", Newsweek, March 11, 2016.

Afghan War News Snippets


Pakistan Harboring Taliban Leaders? It would seem this is true based on recent statements by Sartaj Aziz, Pakistan's advisor for foreign affairs. In an unusually candid admission he said that Islamabad has considerable influence over the Taliban because its leaders live in the country. Read more in "Senior Official Admits Pakistan Housing Afghan Taliban Leaders", Gandhara Blog, March 2, 2016.

Pakistan and Durand Line. Former President Karzai recently said that Pakistani leadership wanted recognition of the imposed international border called the Durand Line in exchange for better relations with Afghanistan. Read a news report by Khaama Press, March 1, 2016.

Russia Seeking Role in Afghanistan. "More than two decades after the Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan, Moscow is once again seeking to play a major role in the country by boosting military and economic cooperation with Kabul." Read more in "Russia's new role in Afghanistan", Deutsche Welle, March 2, 2016.

Peace Talks? Move Along . . . Nothing to See Here. It appears that all the talk about talking about an end to the conflict is just that . . . just a lot of talk. Read more in "Afghan Taliban refuse peace talks with government", Associated Press, March 5, 2016. See also "Afghan Peace Talks Face Uncertainty", Voice of America, March 4, 2016. And one more "Paying High Price for Peace: The Afghan High Peace Council Quagmire", Eurasia Review, March 5, 2016.

Curbing the Afghan Refugee Influx. The northern European nations started out welcoming refugees of all sorts (Syrian, Afghan, African, etc.) but they were soon overwhelmed - and now the tune has changed. Read more in "Rolling Up the Welcome Mat" Berlin Moves to Curb Afghan Refugees Influx", Spiegel Online International, March 2, 2016.

Young Boys as Refugees. There is a rise in the number of young Afghan boys who are now in Europe. Read more in "Afghan Boys: the New Face of Europe's Migrant Crisis", Associated Press, March 3, 2016.

UK Says Afghanistan "Safe". A United Kingdom court has ruled that Afghanistan is now safe enough to resume deportations of Afghan.

State Dept Fixes Blunder On SIV Visa. Some Afghan interpreters received a reprieve when the Department of State fixed a mistake in the government's management of a special visa program for Afghan interpreters. Some former interpreters had found out their applications had been denied through a faulty interpretation (or was it intentional?) by the State Department of a recent Congressional law. Read more in "State Department Fixes Unfair Visa Change", The New York Times, March 1, 2016.

Movie Review - "Whiskey Tango Foxtrot". Tina Feys new movie about a TV reporter on her first international assignment is getting mostly positive reviews. Read "Q. and A. With Tina Fey: Live Form Kabul, It's a Feminist Comedy", The New York Times, March 4, 2016.

Agricultural Research. Ongoing research on wheat and other crops in research farms across Afghanistan is contributing to better harvests and improved welfare among farmers. Read more in "Agricultural Research Gives Farmers a New Lease on Life", The World Bank, March 2, 2016.

Gender Stuff. The United Nations has released its 2015 report entitled The World's Women 2015: Trends and Statistics.

More on TAPI. "Afghanistan is preparing to start work on the key Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India (TAPI) Gas Pipeline project." The Ministry of Mines and Petroleum will be implementing the project. Of course, 735 kilometers of the pipeline will pass through Afghanistan . . . so what is the security plan? There is none other than some schemes and dreams on the part of the MoI and MoD. Read more in "Afghanistan Prepares to Start Work on TAPI", Tolo News, March 2, 2016.

India-Iran-Afghanistan Trilateral Transit Corridor. Afghanistan is attempting to revitalize its economy with a number of regional initiatives to revitalize trade and commerce. Of course, a huge factor is the establishment of security and stability in Afghanistan. Read more in "India-Iran-Afghanistan transit corridor talks in progress", Economic Times (India),  March 2, 2016.