Sunday, August 16, 2015

Afghan War News Snippets


Let's Talk about Afghanistan Again. Michael Kugelman examines why news about Afghanistan has dropped off the radar screen over the past few years but then provides us with four valid reasons why we must still pay attention to Afghanistan in "Bringing Afghanistan Back Into the Spotlight", Foreign Policy, August 10, 2015.

Think Tanks and Afghanistan. While many think tanks are leaving the topic of Afghanistan behind and moving on to more current events (Russia, Ukraine, ISIS, Pacific, etc.) one is helping to keep Afghanistan in the news. The Atlantic Council has started an initiative to help solidify support for Afghanistan with efforts to clarify issues and policy options, generate public and political support for continued investment, and to sustain and accelerate the momentum required to generate important change in the country. I wish them well in that endeavor! Read more in "Afghanistan Rising".

Preserving COIN Expertise. As the U.S. conducts its pivot to the vast Pacific area and other international concerns (leaving Afghanistan in the dust) it is important that the experience garnered in counterinsurgency operations is not squandered (as it was in the post-Vietnam period). Read an article on this topic entitled "Rapid Regeneration of Irregular Warfare Capacity", Joint Force Quarterly,  78, July 1, 2015.

Book Review - In a Land Far From Home. In 1948 a visiting Indian wrote a book about Afghanistan in the 1920s. Jolyon Leslie has penned a review of this book and recommends it as reading for those foreigners who are working in Afghanistan as a way to understand Afghan culture, society, and culture. Read the book review posted on the Afghanistan Analysts Network (AAN).

HTS - Turnaround Story. The U.S. Army's Human Terrain System (HTS) started out shaky but quickly gain momentum as a valuable contribution to the war efforts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Clifton Green provides us a look at the HTS and how came to become an effective organization in "Turnaround: The Untold Story of the Human Terrain System", Joint Force Quarterly, July 1, 2015.

UN Peace Operations. The United Nations has a website that shows where all the UN Peace Operations are being conducted. That includes the UN Assistance Mission in Afghanistan or UNAMA.

Afghans Need Passports to Flee Country. There are many factors that lead Afghans to want to leave their country - insecurity, violence, poverty, and unemployment are a few. But passports are sometimes difficult to acquire. Read more in "Afghans Queue for Passports to Flee Country", Tolo News, August 11, 2015.

Afghan Interpreters Left Behind by French. Afghan interpreters put their lives at risk performing services for the international armies that have occupied Afghanistan over the past decade and more. Now that these coalition troops have left the need for Afghan interpreters has diminished significantly. In addition, many are being targeted by the Taliban because of their service to the international community. Read more in a news report by France 24, August 14, 2015.

Afghan History of a Better Time. Learn about the "Johnny Appleseed of Afghanistan" in Afghanistan's Better History, With Lessons for Today, August 13, 2015 by United States Institute of Peace (USIP).

Chayes and Corruption. Sarah Chayes is a leading voice in the battle against state corruption - not only in Afghanistan but in other parts of the world as well. Read more in a news report by The Christian Science Monitor (Aug 13, 2015).

Women Imprisoned. Gabriela Maj, a Polish-Canadian photojournalist, writes about women and prisons in "Afghan women imprisoned by their culture", The Washington Post, August 14, 2015.

Canadian Envoy - Deborah Lyons. The Canadian Embassy in Kabul has been in the forefront of women's issues in the country. (The Star, August 14, 2015).

2-300th FA Battalion Heading to Afghanistan. A Battery is at Camp Guernsey, Wyoming honing their field artillery skills in preparation for an Afghan deployment.  Read more in "2-300th FA Battalion prepares for historic deployment", DVIDS, July 6, 2015.

CT Scanner for BAF Hospital. The Craig Joint Theater Hospital at Bagram Airfield recently received a new high tech computerized tomography scanner. The new CT scanner cost $1.2 million and replaces a 2006 model. Read more in a news release by DVIDS, August 8, 2015.

NYT on Law of War Manual. The New York Times has published an editorial slamming the Defense Department on the 2015 release of the Law of War Manual (June 2015). The document includes guidelines on the treatment of journalists covering armed conflicts and the Times is not happy with them. Read "The Pentagon's Dangerous Views on the Wartime Press", August 10, 2015.

IO and Conflict. Today's fight against terrorists and insurgents takes place on the battlefield but also in peoples minds. The increasing use of social media by terrorists and insurgents forces us (counterterrorists and counterinsurgents) to become more proficient and effective in the information operations arena. Read more in "A Foreign Diplomat Just Taught America How to Win the War of Ideas", by Kori Schake in War on the Rocks Blog, August 14, 2015.

Senate Caucus for Veterans. The United States Senate has launched the Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans Caucus in August with the goal of building a legislative force on veterans and military issues. There are 32 members of the House and Senate who served in the post-9/11 military - 26 of the deploying to Iraq or Afghanistan. (Military Times, Aug 7, 2015).

U.S. Military Pay & Benefits Guide. Military Times has published its annual Benefits Guide - a one-stop resource on pay and benefits programs offered to active-duty and reserve component service members, retirees, veterans, and their families. The 76-page guide is available online. Read more in a news report by Military Times, August 10, 2015.

Earthquake. An earthquake took place in Afghanistan that was also felt in places like India on Monday, August 10th. It was measured as a 6.2 magnitude quake.

Sunday Morning - AWN Blog Newsletter

You can receive the Afghan War News Newsletter by email. It should arrive in your e-mail inbox at 5:00 a.m. U.S. East coast time or just after lunch (1330) in Kabul every Sunday. It is easy to subscribe. To submit your subscription request go to www.afghanwarnews.blogspot.com and enter your email in the "Follow by Email" dialogue box at the top of the right hand column. The only info needed is your email. No personal data, forms to fill out, or passwords needed. You will receive a confirmation email asking you if you want to subscribe. Just confirm and you are done. It is also easy to unsubscribe. At the bottom of the newsletter click "unsubscribe" and you will be automatically unsubscribed.

Sunday, August 9, 2015

Paper on SOF in Afghanistan

RAND Corporation has published a paper (121 pages, PDF) entitled Building Special Operations Partnerships in Afghanistan and Beyond, July 2015. The paper is extremely detailed and wrote by some long-term observers (and participants) of special operations forces in the Afghan War.
"Building the capacity of Afghan special operations forces (SOF) is a key goal of the United States and its coalition partners. In February and March of 2013, RAND analysts conducted extensive battlefield circulations in Afghanistan and visited multiple training sites for Afghan SOF. The mentors at these sites hailed from a variety of International Security Assistance Force contributing nations, including the United States, Lithuania, Romania, Australia, Norway, and the United Kingdom. This report summarizes key partnering practices across these international partners and presents findings from SOF partnership case studies in Iraq and Colombia. The goal is to identify best practices for SOF partnership that can benefit the development of the Afghan special operations capability. These best practices also have broader applicability for special operations partnerships beyond Afghanistan."
Building Special Operations Partnerships in Afghanistan and Beyond

Security News

BG  Paul Bontrager, TAAC-South Cdr confers
with ANA 205th Corps Cdr in Aug 2015
(Photo by Lt.Kristine Volk, RS PAO)
Afghan Forces Chopper Crash. An Afghan helicopter crashed in Zabul province killing ANA soldiers and the aircraft crew on Thursday, August 6th. Reports vary on casualties - but numbers are from 17 to 24 dead. The aircraft was an Mi-17 transport helicopter. (Stars and Stripes, Aug 6, 2015).

Kabul Suicide Bombings of Aug 7th. Kabul was hit with four different bomb attacks in one day. One attack killed approximately 20 Afghan National Police recruits at the ANP Academy. Another attack reportedly struck a U.S. special operations compound (one new report says 3 U.S. personnel were wounded). Estimates range as high as 50 dead and hundreds wounded in the four attacks. Read more in "A Day of Devastation in Afghanistan's Capital", The Los Angeles Times, August 7, 2015. See also a Resolute Support HQs statement on the attacks in a August 7th news release.

U.S. Service Member Killed at SOF Base. Fox News is reporting that one U.S. Army Special Forces Soldier was killed in the August 7th militant attack at Camp Integrity (near the Kabul airport) during the rash of bombings. The death occurred outside the hqs of Special Operations Joint Task Force - Afghanistan (SOJTF-A). Eight (or nine) contracted Afghan civilians were killed as well as four insurgent attackers. There were also numerous wounded who were airlifted by helicopter for medical treatment. Camp Integrity is run by the U.S. security contracting firm known as Academi (formerly called Blackwater). Resolute Support HQs issued a very short statement on the death. Read one early report about the casualty. (North West Florida Daily News, August 8, 2015). Senator Reed's office (Rhode Island) has sent out a notice providing the slain Soldier's name (WPRI.com, August 8, 2015).

Are The New York Times writers on crack? For reasons I cannot fathom The New York Times carried the following headline - "In Handling Barrage of Attacks, Afghan Forces Show Training is Paying Off", August 9, 2015. Things that make you go "Hmmm".

"The Cry from Kunduz". Jade Wu, a former Rule of Law advisor in northern Afghanistan, writes about the deteriorating security situation in Kunduz and the plight of her former staff (lawyers, interpreters, etc.) now seeking refuge in the United States. Read her report in "The Cry from Kunduz", The Hill Blog, August 4, 2015.

22 Killed in Kunduz on Aug 8. A Taliban suicide bomber drove a vehicle loaded with explosives into a group of pro-government militia and detonated it. (Radio Free Europe, Aug 9, 2015).

Kandahar Police Station Attacked. A group of Taliban attacked a police station in PD4 in Kandahar city on Thursday, August 6th.

"ANSF Continues to Progress". General John Campbell (see bio here) expressed his optimism about the security forces in Afghanistan during an August 4th conference at the Brookings Institute Center in Washington, D.C. He says that the Taliban, despite the significant casualties suffered by the ANSF, will not be able to overthrow the Afghan government. What was not mentioned is when he expects the ANSF to defeat the insurgents. Read more in a DoD press release entitled "Afghan Security Forces Continue to Progress, U.S. General Says", DoD News, August 5, 2015. You can view the conversation online (courtesy of C-SPAN) in his 1 1/2 hour long discussion at the Brookings Institution.

Civilian Casualties at Record High. The United Nations has come out recommending that Afghan government forces stop firing mortars and grenades into civilian-populated areas in order to diminish the high rate of civilian casualties. According to a United Nations report civilian casualties for 2015 will be one of the deadliest years for Afghanistan.

Sorobi District Op. The Afghan security forces have launched a major military operation in Sorobi district of Kabul province named "Operation Musalas-e-Fuladi". Members of the ANA, ANP, and NDS are taking part in the operation. According to one Afghan general (Gen. Zaheer) the operation would target insurgents supported by the Pakistan's Inter-Service Intelligence (ISI). (Tolo News, Aug 6,2015).

Palace Bombing Attempt. Reports issued on Monday (Aug 3) say that the National Directorate of Security (NDS) spoiled an attempt to bomb the Presidential palace. At the time President Ghani was allegedly in Germany recuperating from surgery on his foot (or leg or knee?).

Clearing of Faryab Province? News reports indicate that the Afghan government forces have commenced a clearing operation in Faryab. First Vice-President Abdul Rashid Dostum has been spending some time in the province encouraging support for the operation. (Tolo News, Aug 3, 2015). Some observers have been criticizing Dostum for supervising the anti-Taliban offensive (Gandara Blog, August 8, 2015). He is apparently diverting scarce military resources to a province with a large Uzbek population (his favorite ethnic group I presume) at the expense of other provinces with security situations as bad as Faryab.

Uzbekistan and NATO. Of all the post-Soviet Central Asian countries Uzbekistan has been the most independent of Russia. The country faces an insurgent problem posed by the IMU and is aligning itself in some respects with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. The growing unrest in northern Afghanistan has the Uzbeks concerned and good relations with NATO will hopefully provide some assistance in the future should the conflict move across the border. (Silk Road Reporters, Aug 7, 2015).

IMU and Islamic State. According to some news reports the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) has now announced its membership in ISIS. Read more in "IMU Declares It Is Now Part of the Islamic State", Radio Free Europe, August 8, 2015. Read more in "IMU Pledges Allegiance to Islamic State", Inside the Cocoon - Eurasianet.org, August 1, 2015. www.eurasianet.org/node/74471

Islamic State Recruiter Detained. Recruited for Daesh - known as the "Facebook Recruiter" - has been detained in Kabul. He was among six people detained by the National Directorate of Security (NDS). (Khaama Press, Aug 6, 2015).

Suicide Truck Blast. A truck blast occurred in Logar. The attack took place in Pol-e Alam (provincial capital). There were many wounded. (Radio Free Europe, Aug 6, 2015).

Governance News

NUG with an Expiration Date? The combined leadership of Ashraf Ghani and Abdullah Abdullah is failing - and the Afghan parliament is not helpful. The former president, Hamid Karzai, is on the political circuit - no doubt undermining the current regime and positioning for his return to the palace or paving the way for one of his hand-picked cronies. What's a man to do? General Campbell thinks you should cover all the bases by meeting with some of the opposition leaders. Read "Gary Owen's" take on the NATO commander meeting with former warlords in "NATO Ready to See Other Presidents?: General Campbell Meets the Opposition", Sunny in Kabul Blog, August 1, 2015.

National ID Card Update. The Afghan Council of Ministers has approved a scheduled roll-out of the national digital identity card system. The roll-out will be phased starting in the Kabul area. The launch date is August 19th. The Ministry of Interior is responsible for the program's ID card distribution. The ethnicity of the individual will not be noted on the card but a description of the individuals will be included in a database at the Ministry of Interior. USAID has cut aid to the program because of persistent delays and the European Union (EU) was also threatening to cut aid. (Tolo News, Aug 3, 2015).

Development News

TAPI Pipeline. A consortium leader has been chosen for the Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India (TAPI) pipeline. Turkmenga has been picked to help build and establish this very important development project. TAPI is designed to carry 33 billion cubic meters of Turkmen gas annually over a 30-year period to buyers in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India. The pipeline, once completed, will transport natural gas through a very volatile part of the world to include the dangerous south of Afghanistan and the Quetta region of Pakistan. The estimated time of completion is sometime in 2018 - although that may be somewhat optimistic given the lack of progress in establishing security and stability in Afghanistan. Read more in a news article by EurasiaNet.org, August 6, 2015.

Hydro Plant for Afghanistan. Afghanistan will soon sign a preliminary deal with a firm from China to build a 240 megawatt hydropower plant. Read more in a news report by Economic Times, August 6, 2015.

Challenge of Economic Sustainability in Afghanistan. Elly Rostoum reports on the problems of Afghan reconstruction in Rebuilding Afghanistan: The Way Forward, Foreign Policy Association, August 6, 2015.

Peace Talks

There are some who are optimistic about the prospects of peace talks with the Taliban. Certainly the regional powers in the area (India, China, and Central Asia) are hoping stability comes to Afghanistan. The jury is out on Pakistan; while that nation is hosting the peace talks it is hard to tell what game it is playing. The President of Afghanistan, Ashraf Ghani, seems intent in pursuing a negotiated settlement. Why not, victory for the Afghan National Defense and Security Forces (ANDSF) is far into the future - years.

Two very well-informed observers of Afghanistan have penned an article entitled "Time to Negotiate in Afghanistan: How to Talk to the Taliban", Foreign Affairs, July/August 2015. James Dobbins was the Obama administration's Special Representative for Afghanistan and Pakistan and Carter Malkasian was a political advisor to General Dunford when he was the commander of ISAF.

Islamic State in Afghanistan

IMU Supports IS. The Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) has reportedly sworn allegiance to the Islamic State. This information comes from a video posted by the IMU-controlled Furqon TV on July 31st. Read more in "IMU Pledges Allegiance to Islamic State", Inside the Cocoon - Eurasianet.org, August 1, 2015. www.eurasianet.org/node/74471

Update on New Taliban Leadership

New Taliban Leader. Shortly after the death of Mullah Omar the Taliban leadership appointed their new leader - Mullah Akhtar Muhammad Mansour. Mansour released an audio message where he asks for unity within the Taliban organization and seemingly backtracks from joining the negotiation table with the Afghan government. Not everyone is happy with the selection of Mansour; reports indicate that some of the senior leadership walk out of the Taliban council meeting when he was appointed. Other sub-groups say that the full Taliban leadership was not represented at the meeting.

Haqqani Network. Jalaluddin Haqqani, despite being dead, has issued a new letter saying he supports the newly appointed leader of the Taliban. Haqqani's son, Siraj, has been appointed as one of Mansour's (new Taliban leader) top two deputies. The Haqqani Network is a member of the Quetta Shura, is closely allied with al Qaeda, and has a long and close relationship with Pakistan's Inter-services Intelligence Directorate.  Read more by Bill Roggio of Threat Matrix - The Long War Journal, August 2, 2015.

Mullah Omar's Son? Some news reports say that the oldest son of Mullah Omar - Mullah Mohammad Yaqoob, age 27 - was recently killed just after the selection of the new leader. However, other news reports indicate he is under house arrest per the instructions of Mullah Mansoor, the new Taliban leader. The son recently graduated from a Madrasa in Karachi, Pakistan. (Tolo News, Aug 4, 2015).

Qatar Taliban Office Head Resigns. On Monday, August 3, Tayyab Agha resigned his position as head of the Taliban's political office in Qatar.He was a close aide to Mullah Omar. He also said it was a "historical mistake" to hide the death of Mullah Omar for over two years. (Dawn, Aug 4, 2015).

Islamic State and Death of Mullah Omar. The new networks and social media is ablaze with analysis about what effect Mullah Omars announced demise will have on the overall Afghanistan situation. Naturally, some commentators are chiming in on the Islamic State in Afghanistan. One commentator believes that with Mullah Omar no longer on the scene the Islamic State will have better success in recruiting and establishing operations in Afghanistan. Read more in "Will Mullah Omar's Death Help the Islamic State?", Foreign Policy, August 3, 2015.

The Myth of Mullah Omar. Jeff Goldstein provides us his analysis of the 'death of Mullah Omar' in his article entitled "Afghan War's Convenient Myth: A Living Mullah Omar", The New York Times, August 7, 2015.

Omar Aftermath. Arif Rafiq forecasts the future in his article entitled "After Omar: The Future of the Taliban and the War in Afghanistan", World Politics Review, August 3, 2015.

Seize the Moment for Peace Talks. Anatol Lieven and Rudra Chaudhuri say that the Taliban acknowledgement that Mullah Omar is dead presents an opportunity that should be recognized and acted upon. Read "Seize Upon the Taliban Split", The New York Times, August 6, 2015.

Security Force Assistance (SFA)

 The July-September 2015 edition of Special Warfare (Volume 28, Issue 3) has several articles related to Security Force Assistance that could be of interest to those Resolute Support advisors currently engaged in the Train, Advise, and Assist mission in Afghanistan. Major Aaron Southard writes "SFA Metrics: Blood and Treasure" where he informs us about the U.S. Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School's efforts to develop ". . .a concept and methodology to collect, collage, analyze and quantify SFA operations in order to better educate and inform senior military and civilian leadership as to the value and necessity for continued resources and support." (see pages 26-28). Captain Rachel Rice has provided us with "Security Force Assistance Initiatives" - an article (see pages 29-31) that recognizes that ". . . lessons learned and after action review comments have shown that there is institutional shortfalls surrounding Regionally Aligned Forces pre-deployment training/preparation, interagency knowledge and country-specific requirements". We learn through her article about the Security Force Assistance Deployment Handbook developed by the Special Operations Center of Excellence. (TC 3-05.3, April 2015). The handbook is available at this link but requires a CAC login.
https://armypubs.us.army.mil/doctrine/DR_pubs/dr_c/pdf/tc3_05x3.pdf

The SFA articles are available at this link for Special Warfare - Aug-Sep 2015
www.dvidshub.net/publication/issues/26508

Drones

Army Contractor Lost Three $500K drones. Although only for a brief period (eight months?) an Army contracting firm lost three (maybe four) drones before they were found. The three flying cameras were only worth 1/2 million dollars a piece; so not to worry. Read more in a news report by Motherboard, August 5, 2015. NOTE: In the midst of a war (and retrograde activities) this is really not that hard to do - losing sight of equipment. Constant mission changes, personnel replacements (both military and contractor), and unit rotations provide for constant chaos in the midst of a counterinsurgency campaign. I can recall once entering a locked up room in a storage building in Iraq in 2006 and coming across a small WASP drone that nobody could account for. It was in its original shipping box and had been at this location for a few years - never used. So we had a guy put it together, get smart on it, and sent it out to an SFODA to use during the remainder of their tour.

Drone Strike in North Waziristan. Two Pakistani intelligence officials say a suspected U.S. drone attack has killed some militants in a border area in Pakistan. Two missiles hit a militant hideout of the Haqqani Network. North Waziristan has been a refuge and sanctuary for groups such as the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU), al-Qaeda, and Taliban insurgents. (ABC News, Aug 7, 2015).

A Smarter, Deadlier UAV. The U.S. Air Force is looking to upgrade its drone fleet with improvements to situational awareness, automation, weapons, and more. Read more in a news report by Defense News, August 5, 2015.

Intel and Counterterrorism

Article - "The Limits of Counterterrorism". The Obama administration has a robust (some observers believe) counterterrorism strategy while it attempts to avoid significant involvement in costly wars (a difficult feat to accomplish given today's security environment). However, one commentator believes that the counterterrorism strategy is not enough. He believes that the " . . . United States should devote particular attention to defense institution building (DIB). Too often counterterrorism assistance is seen as a technical capacity issue, when poor governance is usually the root of the problem." This is excellent analysis by Daniel Byman - a foreign policy editor of Lawfare Blog. Read his August 2, 2015 article. www.lawfareblog.com/limits-counterterrorism

Intel Contract w/ U.S. Army. CACI International, Inc. has been awarded a prime position on a multi-million dollar contract to continue support to the U.S. Army's CERDEC I2WD program. Under the terms of contract CACI will offer a broad range of solutions and services for intelligence, electronic warfare, and information system development. Read a CACI news release dated August 3, 2015.

Army Hiring Counterintelligence Agents. The Army's community of counterintelligence is growing. Currently there are openings in the Counterintelligence (CI) enlisted school.  Enlisted CI agents serve around the world, investigating threats of all types alongside CI officers and law enforcement officials from multiple agencies. Their skills and experience, plus a top-secret security clearance, can create a path to a post-service career with the FBI, CIA, Department of Homeland Security or similar organizations. (Army Times, August 3, 2015).

FBI HRT. The website We Are The Mighty profiles the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Hostage Rescue Team (HRT) in "This is the FBI's dream team of elite counterterrorism operators", July 24, 2015. www.wearethemighty.com/fbi-hostage-rescue-team-2015-07

EU Counterterrorism Policy. Marc Pierini examines the EU's CT policy in Adjusting the EU's Counterterrorism Policy, Carnegie Europe, July 31, 2015.

State's CT Bureau. The Department of State (DoS) has a counterterrorism bureau but it appears it has not been fully funded or staffed. Read more in "State's Counterterrorism Bureau Still Needs to Evaluate Countering Violent Extremism Efforts", Homeland Security Today, July 27, 2015.

Book Review: The Great War of Our Time. Another former CIA agent, Michael Morell, has penned his memoirs providing us with an inside look of the period leading up to the 9/11 attacks and the long years after. He highlights the CIA successes (initial invasion of Afghanistan supporting the U.S. Army's "Green Berets") as well as its failures (saying that Iraq possesses weapons of mass destruction justifying the stupid invasion of Iraq in 2003). Read a review of his book in "A Soldier of the Great War", by Gabriel Schoenfeld, Lawfare Blog, August 6, 2015.

Book: Relentless Strike. This book is about the secret history of the Joint Special Operations Command or JSOC. This organization has been at the forefront of America's fight against the forces of terror and in the war against insurgents in Iraq and Afghanistan. The author, Sean Naylor, is a noted defense observer and has wrote about special operations in books and news reports for many years.

Site Exploitation, ATP 3-90.15, July 2015. An important part of intelligence gathering at the tactical level (and at other levels as well) is proper site exploitation of sensitive items that can provide intelligence. The Army has released a publication on this topic.
http://armypubs.army.mil/doctrine/DR_pubs/dr_a/pdf/atp3_90x15.pdf

Perspectives on Terrorism. The journal has released its latest issue (August 2015) with a focus on ISIS that provides readings which will help you understand the Islamic State (structure, ideology, goals, tactics, etc.). www.terrorismanalysts.com/pt/index.php/pot

SF / CIA Legend Profiled. At age 71, Billy Waugh was in Afghanistan as a member of a CIA team sent in shortly after the 9/11 attacks. Read more in "This 85-year-old Special Forces legend has one of the most badass military resumes we've ever seen", We Are the Mighty, August 7, 2015.

Paper - Counterterrorism Strategies: Leadership Decapitation vs Mid-Tier Elimination. A key component of counterterrorism strategies is kinetic - the use of armed drones by the CIA or hit-teams of the U.S Army Special Forces (or Special Mission Units or SMUs like JSOC) to capture or kill terrorist leadership. The author of this paper examines the both approaches (killing top leadership vs mi-tier leadership) and concludes with three major policy implications for examination.
www.strausscenter.org/images/ISP/Nichols_Phil.pdf

Afghan War News Snippets


Video - "Resolute Support Update Edition 2".  RS headquarters has started to disseminate a video update of its news. The second video is now available for viewing and covers the topics of what Gen Campbell sees for the future of the ANDSF, how NATO medical supplies help the ANP, how the ANP and ANA are working side-by-side (not shoulder-to-shoulder?) in Herat province, how slow CSM Biggs can run (it reminds me why I always hated to run in formation), and how TAAC Air is helping the Afghan forces see better. Interestingly, Gen Campbell expounds upon how much equipment and technology that the ANA has - thus in the comparison between the ANA and the Taliban the ANA will 'overmatch' the Taliban. But I thought this was an insurgency where the guerrilla fighter doesn't hold terrain and thus doesn't need the airplanes, tanks, communications that a counterinsurgency force needs? Sounds like more of the same - get the ANA to look like a western army and it should be victorious on the battlefield. Uhhh, not so much.  (DVIDS, Aug 7, 2015, 8 minutes). I was the second "web view". Maybe you can be the third?
www.dvidshub.net/video/418397/resolute-support-update-edition-2

President Ghani and Foot Surgery. Ghani recently underwent foot surgery in Germany. Presidential palace statements (issued Aug 2nd) say it went well.

Navy Guys Can Get Fatter. The Navy is adopting a new set of easier body fat standards. It is not yet known if the Navy will adopt the "Tape Under the Fold" technique that the U.S. Air Force recently has instituted. Read more in "New body fat rules, big changes to Navy BCA", Navy Times, August 3, 2015.

DoDIG Audit Report on Drawdown of Equipment. The DoD Office of the Inspector General has issued an audit report entitled "Drawdown of Equipment in Afghanistan: Summary of Weaknesses Identified in Reports Issued from August 19, 2011, through May 18, 2015", August 5, 2015.
www.dodig.mil/pubs/report_summary.cfm?id=6566

10th Mountain Division Troops to Afghanistan. It appears that the 10th Mtn will deploy more troops to Afghanistan (as well as Iraq) over the coming months. About 300 troops from the division hqs at Fort Drum will head to Afghanistan along with about 1,000 troops from the divisions 3rd BCT based at Fort Polk. Read more in a news report by Army Times, August 5, 2015.

Russian Soldier Convicted in U.S. A Russian Taliban soldier was convicted of terrorism in a U.S. court. He will face a sentence that could be life in prison for planning and leading a 2009 Taliban attack on U.S. forces in Afghanistan. (Radio Free Europe, August 8, 2015).

MG James Rainey. A new general is in charge of the U.S. National Support Element (NSE) in Afghanistan as well as serving as the deputy commanding general of U.S. Forces Afghanistan. He will be working at Bagram Airfield. Read more in "Rainey takes command of 3rd ID", Savannah Now, August 3, 2015.

TAAC-Air Maintainers. The Afghan Air Force has four C-130s and they require not only pilots, navigators, and load masters but maintainers as well. Train Advise Assist Command - Air provides training to the AAF maintainers at Bagram Airfield (as well as other locations). Read more in "TAAC-Air maintainers instruct Afghan Air Force on C-130H maintainance", DVIDS, August 8, 2015.

Dan Feldman (SRAP) Reports. The outgoing Special Representative for Afghanistan and Pakistan or SRAJP provided comments at a conference held by the United States Institute of Peace (USIP) on August 5, 2015 where he reflected ". . . on the successes that have been achieved while also acknowledging the many challenges that remain." (U.S. Department of State, Aug 5, 2015).
www.state.gov/p/sca/rls/rmks/2015/245767.htm

Lack of Diversity in SOF Units. Many of the Pentagon's elite units lack diversity in its personnel ranks. Read more in "Pentagon's elite forces lack diversity", USA Today, August 6, 2015.

Mongol's Visit Afghanistan - Again. The Mogols have been to Afghanistan a few times (1206, etc.) - visiting places like Bamyan, Herat, Balkh, and Ghazni. In the past several years they have provided troops for the ISAF and now the RS mission. The Mongolian military will deploy a second shift of military servicemen for the Resolute Support mission in Afghanistan. Read more in InfoMogolia.com (Aug 7, 2015).

North Korea Joins Afghanistan in 30 Minute Time Zone Difference. For a long time, Afghanistan was one of the few countries in the world that had a 30 minute difference in the time; following what is know as Afghanistan Time (AFT). For instance, if it is 0700 (or 7:00 am) in the morning in eastern United States then it is 1530 (or 3:30 pm) in Kabul. Go figure. Now North Korea wants to be different as well. Read "North Korea to Move 30 Minutes Backward to Create Its Own Time Zone", The New York Times, August 7, 2015.

Sunday Morning Afghan War News Blog Newsletter

You can receive the Afghan War News Newsletter by email. It should arrive in your e-mail inbox at 5:00 a.m. U.S. East coast time or just after lunch (1330) in Kabul every Sunday. It is easy to subscribe. To submit your subscription request go to www.afghanwarnews.blogspot.com and enter your email in the "Follow by Email" dialogue box at the top of the right hand column. The only info needed is your email. No personal data, forms to fill out, or passwords needed. You will receive a confirmation email asking you if you want to subscribe. Just confirm and you are done. It is also easy to unsubscribe. At the bottom of the newsletter click "unsubscribe" and you will be automatically unsubscribed.

Sunday, August 2, 2015

Death of Mullah Omar?

Periodically reports reach us about the death of the reclusive Mullah Mohammed Omar. Mullah Omar is (or was) considered by many as the leader of the Taliban - or at least the part of the Taliban commanded from Quetta, Pakistan. Several news outlets are informing us that he died from tuberculosis in a hospital in Karachi, Pakistan in April 2013. The Afghan National Directorate of Security (NDS) has confirmed his death. The Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (Taliban) have released a statement saying the same. (statement can be read on jihadology.net). We shall see. Read more of his reported death in a CNN report (July 30, 2015).

Omar's demise will set the stage for some internal drama within the Taliban. First of all is the appointment of a new leader. (See Taliban statement on appointment posted on jihadolgy.net). Some reports indicate that Mullah Mohammad Akhtar Mansour is taking the position as head of the Quetta Shura. Other reports indicate he may have to work something out with the son of Omar who may be interested in heading up the position. It appears that the new guy in charge has close ties with Pakistani authorities - read more in "Afghanistan's New Taliban Leader"Real Clear Defense, July 30, 2015. Some observers note that the Taliban's new leadership is allied with al-Qaeda - read an post by The Long War Journal (July 31, 2015).

Analysis of Taleban's Leadership Shift. Thomas Ruttig, of the Afghanistan Analysts Network (AAN), provides us with an analysis of the leadership change in "From Mullah Omar to Mansur: Change at the Taleban's top leadership", Afghanistan Analysts Network, July 31, 2015.

In addition, the peace talks - the second round has been postponed - will be affected by whoever is in charge now. Lot's of speculation. Read about the internal disagreement in "Walkout at Taliban Leadership Meeting Raises Specter of Split", The New York Times, July 31, 2015.

Haqqani Network Founder Dead

Not only are we observing the passing of Mullah Omar but now news reports say that the founder of the Haqqani Network has been dead for quite a while as well. Jalaluddin Haqqani had been seriously ill for years. Mr. Haqqani rose to command a group of the mujahedeen rebels who were fighting the Soviet occupation. He later allied his group with the Taliban when they took power in the 1990s. Over the past few years his son, Sirajuddin Haqqani, is believed to be running the Haqqani Network. Read more in  "Founder of Haqqani Network Is Long Dead, Aide Says"The New York Times, July 31, 2015. Of course, the Taliban are denying the death report. (Threat Matrix - The Long War Journal, August 1, 2015).

Taliban Take Badakhshan District

Over 100 Afghan police surrendered to the Taliban after three to four days of fighting during the last week of July in northeastern Afghanistan. Some news reports indicate that the police made a deal with the Taliban. After the surrender of the police post the Taliban released over 100 of the Afghan police. (Numbers of those released vary from about 100 to almost 150). The surrender of the Tirgaran base in Warduj district is regarded as one of the largest mass surrenders in recent times. The District Chief of Police (DCoP) for Badakhshan accused the Afghan Local Police (ALP) and the Afghan Border Police (ABP) for the loss of the district base. There were approximately 100 ABP and 40 ALP at the base. A large quantity of weapons and ammunition was seized by the Taliban.

Read more in:
"Afghan Taliban Takes Remote Military Base", Gandhara Blog, July 26, 2015.
"Taliban overrun base,capture and release 100 Afghan security personnel", The Long War Journal, July 26, 2015.

SIGAR Quarterly Report - July 2015


The Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction (SIGAR) has released its July 2015 Quarterly Report to Congress. Some key findings in the report:

- Since 2002, Congress has appropriated nearly $109 billion for Afghanistan reconstruction and of that amount almost $12 billion remains to be spent.
- The U.S. has provided $8.2 billion for counternarctics efforts in Afghanistan, and the country is the global leader in illicit opium cultivation and production.
- After recent meetings with senior Afghan officials, SIGAR remains unconvinced that either USAID or the Afghan ministries are able to accurately account for the investments in health and education made by the United States and our allies.
- The report suggests that placing conditions on international assistance to Afghanistan can help achieve its purposes of thwarting corruption, making the country capable of standing on its own, and providing accountability for donor nation funds.

- AND MUCH MORE

www.sigar.mil/pdf/quarterlyreports/2015-07-30qr.pdf

Security News

ALP Insider Attack. On Sunday, Jul 26th four Afghan Local Police killed their commander and two others and joined the Taliban in Saripul province (Pajhwok Afghan News, Jul 26, 2015). In another news report by Khaama Press (July 27) we learn that an ALP commander and 7 of  his men from Sar-e-Pul have joined up with a Taliban group.

Gunfire at Afghan Wedding Kills 20. Two families (rival warlords?) had a shootout during a wedding with some drastic results. The fight took place late on Sunday in Deh Salah district in Baghlan province. Ten people were wounded and at least 20 were killed. The dead were all male guests in ages from 14 to 60. Read more in "Gunfight kills at least 20 at northern Afghanistan wedding, officials report", The Guardian, July 27, 2015.

Toy Guns Banned in Afghanistan. The Afghan Interior Ministry has ordered its police to confiscate toy guns. Read more in "Why Afghanistan is Banning Toy Guns", The World Post, July 27, 2015.

Kidnapping Capital of Afghanistan. The peace and prosperity of Herat in western Afghanistan has led to the emergence of a growing middle class - and a criminal network that targets them for kidnap, ransom, and extortion. Read more in "Afghanistan's model city is also its kidnapping capital", Global Post, July 27, 2015.

Farah Blast Kills ALP Commander. Pajhwok Afghan News reported that a bomb blast killed an Afghan Local Police leader.

Faryab Province Update. The Afghan Army Chief of Staff claims that insurgents have not made any significant advances in Faryab province. Others, however, strongly disagree. Read more in a news report by Gandhara Blog, July 27, 2015.

Helmand Province Update. Reports indicate that the Nawzad district in Helmand was taken on Wednesday, July 29th by the Taliban. The Afghan Army says that it has "stepped back" a bit but will retake the district soon. (Khaama Press, Jul 29, 2015).

Sar-e-Pul Province Update. Reports from Afghan police in Kohistanat district say a recent surrender of police to the Taliban was the result of no air support or reinforcements from regional security forces. According to some reports the district has fallen after police defected to the Taliban. The fall of the Kohistanat district is the latest in a string of Taliban victories in the Afghan north. (The Long War Journal, Jul 28, 2015).

Kunduz Fight. The Taliban and other insurgent groups have done well thus far this fighting season. While they failed to take the provincial capital it is reported they control over half of the province- chiefly in the rural areas. (Reuters, Jul 28, 2015).

Containing the IMU. The Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan or IMU has a strong presence in northern Afghanistan and is a constant source of anxiety not only for the 209th Corps but also for Uzbekistan. John C. K. Daly wonders if Uzbekistan can contain the IMU. (Silk Road Reporters, Jul 31, 2015).

AOAV Update on IED Attacks. The Action on Armed Violence (AOAV) organization has released an update on IED attacks in Afghanistan (July 2, 2015).

AAF and Non-Standard Aircraft. The organization charged with providing non-standard aircraft such as the Mi-17 or MD-530D to the Afghan Air Force has had a change in leadership. Read more in "Non-Standard Rotary Wing team has new leader", The Redstone Rocket, July 29, 2015.

Governance News

Green Trend Signs MOU with Others. The Green Trend party, headed by Amrullah Saleh (a former head of the National Directorate of Security or NDS), has signed an agreement with two other political parties pledging support to the Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF). Tolo News,  July 27, 2015.

No Pay for Presidential Palace Workers. Tolo News reports that as many as 2,000 employees of the presidential palace have not received pay for the past six months. (July 28, 2015).

NUG and the Way Out of Crisis. A commentator, Mohammad Shafiq Hamdam, writes about the failures of the National Unity Government (NUG) and offers a way out of Afghanistan's crisis. He proposes that the people of the Afghan nation appeal to the United Nations to mediate an immediate cease-fire by all parties, the convening of a real and inclusive Loya Jirga, and the establishment of a transitional government. (The Huffington Post Blog, July 29, 2015).

Development News

Can You Hear Me Now? Apparently there are some telecommunications difficulties emerging within Afghanistan. Some citizens have been complaining of poor service. Read more in "Kabulis Criticize Telecommunication Services", Tolo News, July 26, 2015.

India to Donate 1,000 Buses. The Afghan national state-run bus service will receive a donation of a large quantity of buses. Read more in "India to Donate 1,000 Buses as Kabul Public Transport Falters", Tolo News, July 27, 2015.

Basil Now a Big Crop in Helmand. Pajhwok Afghan News reports that farmers in southern Helmand province are having good yields in cultivating Basil (July 27, 2015).

Fragile States and Poor Development. The Asia Foundation provides us their view on how fragile states retard growth and sustainable development in "Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations: Why They Matter, How Aid Can Help", July 29, 2015.

Northern Afghanistan - Work and Income. GIZ (Germany) provides a description its Sustainable Economic Development and Employment Promotion (SEDEP) project.

Information Operations

War on the Web. There is growing concern about the radicalization of the world's youth via social media. The Islamic State is proven very adept at the use of social media sites such as YouTube, Instagram, Facebook, Twitter and others. The West will ignore the growth of social media as a weapon by terrorist and insurgent groups at its peril. Read more in "War on the Web", U.S. News & World Report, July 23, 2015.

Policing Terror Talk. A bill in Congress would have Facebook, Twitter, and others report terrorist content. Read more in "Social-Media Firms Resist Role of Policing Terror Talk", The Wall Street Journal, July 26, 2015.

Counter-Terrorism & Intelligence News

Intel Reports on Bombing ISIS. New intelligence reports indicate that despite one full year of bombing the Islamic State fighters in Iraq and parts of Syria by the U.S. Air Force there has been no appreciable effect on the Islamic State's capability to conduct operations. While CENTCOM claims the number of ISIS fighters and amounts of equipment have been significant the effect on the ground has been less than expected. The Islamic State has changed up its tactics to mitigate the air attacks and their recruitment of foreign fighters is at an all time high. Reports of the Islamic State gaining a foothold in Afghanistan have made the press in the past several months. Observers are speculating on the effect of new peace talks and new Taliban leadership will have on ISIS in Afghanistan.

Destroying the ISIS Financial Network. One important aspect of counterterrorism is "Counter Threat Finance" operations or CTF. The use of CTF can significantly inhibit the operational capability of terrorist, criminal, and insurgent groups, networks, and movements. Read how to interdict the Islamic State by hitting their wallets (or pocketbooks?) in "The 21st Century Answer to "Burning their Crops and Salting their Fields": Interdicting and Destroying the ISIS Financial Network"Small Wars Journal, August 1, 2015. The article, by Greg Kleponis and Tom Creal, reflects the author's experiences while advising in Afghanistan and elsewhere.

ISIS vs Taliban. Eric Jones in SOFREP writes about how ISIS is fighting the Taliban and how the ANSF is taking the fight to both organizations. SOFREP.com, July 27, 2015.

Paper - "Global Civilization and Counterterrorism". The Combating Terrorism Center at West Point has posted a paper that examines global terrorism, order and disorder, and how we should try to combat disorder and violent extremists.
www.ctc.usma.edu/posts/global-civilization-and-counterterrorism

Paper - "Understanding Terrorism Today and Tomorrow". The Combating Terrorism Center at West Point has posted a paper that helps us understand what terrorism is. The article is adapted from a speech by General Joseph Votel, commander of U.S. Special Operations Command, given at the CTC 2015 Senior Conference.
www.ctc.usma.edu/posts/understanding-terrorism-today-and-tomorrow

Former ISAF DCSINT now Cdr Fort Huachuca. MG Scott Berrier, former the head Intel guy and leader of the Essential Function 7 crowd, is now the new commander at the U.S. Army Intelligence Center of Excellence (why can't they just say Intel school?) and Fort Huachuca. (Sierra Vista Herald, Jul 31, 2015).

"Dead Drop". In tradecraft terms, a dead drop is a location to secretly pass information without a face-to-face meeting. Recall the scene in the Godfather where Al Pacino retrieves a pistol in the restaurant men's room? That is a dead drop. "The Dead Drop" is also the name of a weekly blog that provides intelligence tidbits and Washington rumors.
www.thecipherbrief.com/articles/welcome-dead-drop

Birth of Contemporary Terrorism. Brian Michael Jenkins, a renowned terrorism expert at RAND, has provided us with an informative article entitled The 1970s and the Birth of Contemporary Terrorism (July 30, 2015).

How Technology Changes Espionage. The use of computers has made the use of human intelligence (HUMINT) much more difficult (electronic passports, databases, etc.). However, the use of technology has made spying easier in some ways. Read more in "A new age of espionage", The Economist, August 1, 2015.

CIA - Gays and Lesbians Allowed. Read how the Central Intelligence Agency changed its policy in "How the CIA Came Out of the Closet", The Daily Beast, July 31, 2015.

A Resurging al-Qaeda in South Asia. The emergence of ISIS in Iraq and Syria combined with the withdrawal of the bulk of the international forces in Afghanistan have seen conditions become favorable for al-Qaeda. Read a paper on the topic entitled Resurgence of Al-Qaeda in South Asia Post-US Drawdown, Observer Research Foundation (ORF), July 2015.

Counter-terrorism in Pakistan. A recently published paper analyzes the new counter-terrorism strategy recently adopted by Pakistan - finds fault with it and provides recommendations. Read Revisiting Counter-terrorism strategies in Pakistan: Opportunities and Pitfalls, International Crisis Group, July 22, 2015.

Use of Drones to Continue Into Future. To no ones surprise the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) or drones will continue far into the future - both for intelligence gathering, military applications, and commercial use. Read more in "Operating in an Era of Persistent Unmanned Aerial Surveillance", by William Selby posted on Small Wars Journal, July 31, 2015.

Rebranding Human Terrain System

Lots of articles have recently appeared about the demise of the Human Terrain System (HTS). There are some very strong critics of the program (many are anthropologists) and some very strong supporters (usually someone who participated in or benefited from the program). While spending time in Afghanistan for much of the past five years it became apparent to this writer (AWN) that the Human Terrain Teams (HTT) offered a valuable resource to brigade commanders and staffs in Afghanistan that was seldom available elsewhere. The team members, usually in 3-5 person elements - provided a cultural knowledge to brigade staffs that could not be found within the BCTs that deployed to Afghanistan. You can read some viewpoints on the need for a "human terrain" type unit or mission in the two news articles below.

Rebranding the Human Terrain Mission. There are some critics who continue to attack the now defunct Human Terrain System (and the teams) and who are concerned that a similar capability will be established within the military - but with a different name. Read "Remaking the Human Terrain: The US Military's Continuing Quest to Commandeer Culture", CounterPunch, July 31, 2015.

Army's Need for Anthropologists. With the quiet death of the military's controversial Human Terrain System, America's Soldiers have lost a guiding light that is needed now more than ever. Read more in "The Army Needs Anthropologists"Foreign Policy, July 28, 2015.

Peace Talks

There is a lot of uncertainty as to the future of peace talks. A second round was supposed to have begun already (this past Friday) but due to the news of Mullah Omar's death and other factors they have been postponed. It appears that Pakistan - who was hosting the second round of talks - postponed the meeting between the Afghan government representatives and the folks speaking for the Taliban. Some reports indicate that there is an internal conflict among the Taliban commanders - some want to negotiate and others want to keep fighting. This, of course, is while a leadership struggle of the Taliban is underway. According to some news reports, the new leader of the Taliban is not in favor of peace talks. However, not everyone is pessimistic on peace prospects. Read more in "Author Sees Negotiated Settlement in Afghanistan", Gandhara Blog, August 2, 2015.

Army Operating Concept - Two Approaches

Russia has been identified by our military leaders as our number threat today and for the years to come. The reemergence of Russia as a threat has caused the U.S. to take a second look at its operating concepts that influence doctrine, strategy, equipment and planning. The Army Operating Concept is how the Army plans to fight and win in the future. Two commentators provide their views on the proper approach to our number one threat - Russia. Michael Jacobson thinks we need to concentrate our resources to be able to defeat Russia in a conventional fight (as in the quick victory we experienced in the Persian Gulf War in 1991). You can read his thoughts in "The U.S. Army is Charging into the Future with a Lack of Focus", War on the Rocks, July 30, 2015. Mark Galeotti believes we need to buttress up our defensive abilities against "hybrid warfare". This is relying less on superior technical firepower, equipment, etc. and becoming better at recognizing and reacting to asymmetrical threats and unconventional warfare. Read his article in "Time to Think about "Hybrid Defense", War on the Rocks, July 30, 2015.

Learn About the Taliban

"The Taliban was toppled in Afghanistan in 2001 for harboring al-Qaeda, but it has not been defeated. With an estimated core of up to sixty thousand fighters, the Taliban remains the most vigorous insurgent group in Afghanistan and holds sway over civilians near its strongholds in the country's south and east. It has also metastasized in neighboring Pakistan, where thousands of fighters in the country's western tribal areas wage war against the government. Now, as the international combat mission in Afghanistan closes, the Taliban threatens to destabilize the region, harbor terrorist groups with global ambitions, and set back human rights and economic development in the areas where it prevails."
The Taliban, by the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), July 2015. A CFR InfoGuide Presentation.
www.cfr.org/terrorist-organizations-and-networks/taliban/p35985#!/

TAAC-Air CoC Ceremony



TAAC-Air CoC Ceremony. BG Christopher Craige has taken command of the Train, Advise, Assist Command - Air (TAAC-Air) during a ceremony in Kabul on July 27, 2015. He now commands more than 600 military members and contractors including coalition partners from the United States, Greece, Czech Republic, Romania, Hungary, Turkey, Croatia, Italy and Denmark. TAAC-Air trains, advises and assists the Afghan Air Force (AAF) to develop its organic operational capability. The AAF operates the Mi-17 transport helicopter, Mi-35 attack helicopter, Cessna 208B light lift aircraft, MD-530 light attack helicopter, and the C-130 medium lift aircraft. Read more in "TAAC-Air holds change of command ceremony", DVIDS, July 27, 2015.

Afghan News Snippets



Alcohol Free Beer in Kabul. It appears that a new drinking trend is taking hold among Kabul residents. Learn more in "Kabul Vendors Buzzing Over Alcohol-Free Beer", Radio Free Europe, July 27, 2015. Perhaps some enterprising capitalists can bring some in past the guys guarding the RS HQ gates.

National Defense Magazine. The August 2015 issue of National Defense is now online.  55 pages of defense news a click away! JSTARS, Geospatial-Intelligence, Ground Robots, Drones, and more.

Troop Levels in Afghanistan 2007-2014. The Congressional Research Service (CRS) has published a report entitled Department of Defense Contractor and Troop Levels in Iraq and Afghanistan: 2007-2014, by Heidi Peters, Moshe Schwartz, and Lawrence Kapp, July 22, 2015. Posted on the website of the Federation of American Scientist.
www.fas.org/sgp/crs/natsec/R44116.pdf

War Funding Explained. The Center for Strategic & International Studies (CSIS) has produced a 4-minute long video that explains the past, present and future of war funding. Posted on YouTube June 1, 2015. https://youtu.be/3DGA2NA8oLI

Drones and Contractors. The Air Force has a shortage of drone pilots and 'screeners'. It has to rely on private contractors to fill in the empty seats. Read more in "When you mess up, people die: civilians who are drone pilot's extra eyes", The Guardian, July 30, 2015.

Overhauling U.S. Security Assistance. A recent article from Brookings suggests that it is time to overhaul the U.S. security assistance program. According to the authors we are throwing good money after bad when we emphasize "security" over "governance". Not too far off the mark - just look at how much we have spent propping up the security forces of the ineffective and corrupt governments of Afghanistan and Iraq over the past decade or more. (Brookings.edu, July 22, 2015).

Kabul Lacks Coherent War Strategy? An article in Tolo News (July 27, 2015) cites several commentators who have offered sharp criticism of the national unit governments handling of the insurgency since taking power in late 2014.

COIN a Failure? Not so much. Tom Ordeman, an American risk management specialist, provides his perspective on the perception that COIN is a failure in "No, COIN is Not a Proven Failure", Small Wars Journal, July 28, 2015. The ensuing comments below the article about COIN in Afghanistan are worth reading.

How to Transition from FID to UW. Sometimes Foreign Internal Defense (FID) doesn't work. Sometimes the very related endeavor called Security Force Assistance (SFA) doesn't work either. (Read about the difference between FID and SFA). So what do we do when FID (or SFA) doesn't work out? Just start an Unconventional Warfare campaign! Read From Foreign Internal Defense to Unconventional Warfare: Campaign Transitions When US-Support to Friendly Governments Fails, by Jason Martinez, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, May 2015.
www.hsdl.org/?view&did=768339

Lessons Learned? Learn all about the resources available to the Army. (Stand To, Jul 30, 2015).

Afghanistan and the Iran Nuclear Deal. Michael Kugelman thinks that Afghanistan is a big winner in the U.s. - Iran deal (War on the Rocks, Jul 29, 2015).

NATO's Comprehensive Approach in Afghanistan. "The international effort in Afghanistan has been plagued by the presence of too many intervening actors with different interests and approaches going about their specific tasks without proper coordination with each other." NATO, in an attempt to solve this problem, adopted the 'Comprehensive Approach' (CA). Read more in NATO's Comprehensive Approach in Afghanistan: Origins, Development, and Outcome, by Sverrir Steinsson, July 26, 2015. Posted on E-International Relations.

Central Asia's Stake in Afghan War. Tamin Asey thinks that the Central Asian states need to become more involved in the Afghan War since Afghan forces are fighting Central Asian extremists. (The Diplomat, Jul 29, 2015).

British Troops in Kabul Profiled. A news story in the Peterborough Telegraph (July 28, 2015) provides information on the British mission in Kabul, Afghanistan.

Assessing Kandahar Airfield. Military engineers from the Combined Security Transition Command - Afghanistan (CSTC-A) and advisors from the U.S. Department of Commerce are working with Afghan counterparts to turn over buildings and facilities at Kandahar Airfield. (DVIDS, Jul 28, 2015).

US-Pakistan Relations. The Atlantic Council has a private briefing with a former foreign minister of Pakistan. Chats on the Pakistan economy, India-Pakistan relations, and talks between the Taliban and the Afghan government.

Video - Georgia, NATO, and Afghanistan. At this time Georgia is the second largest contributor to the Resolute Support mission. Learn more in a short 2-min NATO video entitled "NATO tests Georgia's best", posted on YouTube July 30, 2015.

Culture - Bacha Bazi. A columnist, Maya Wesby, explores the world of crossdressing boys and girls in Afghanistan (Newsweek, July 25, 2015). The are benefits and pitfalls with the custom - disguised daughters attend better schools and play sports; dressed as girls, poor young boys become sexual slaves.

Corruption Breeds Violence. Michael Coleman writes about the experiences of Sarah Chayes (who lived in Afghanistan for a number of years) with corruption and the Afghan government. (The Washington Diplomat, Jul 29, 2015).

Intelligence of Marine Corps Officers Declining? Brookings has come out with a study that finds that the quality of officers in the Marines, as measured by test scores, has steadily and significantly declined in the past 34 years. There were fears that when the U.S. ended the draft in 1973 and transitioned to an all-volunteer military that the quality of enlisted recruits would decline. However, contrary to popular thought the intelligence level of enlisted significantly increased. Read more in "Understanding the steady and troubling decline in the average intelligence of Marine Corps officers", Brookings.edu, July 24, 2015.

New PT Standards for Air Force. The Air Force, recognizing that many of its members have developed a paunch, has adjusted how they measure the waistline for the physical fitness test. Read "Air Force Announces New 'Tape Under the Fold' Regulation for PT Test", The Duffel Blog.

Security Cooperation and the Army Reserves. The U.S. is attempting to influence events around the world and one way of doing this is through Security Cooperation (SC). The United States Army Reserve plays a role in SC - read more in "USAR Security Cooperation", by Benjamin Flosi posted on Small Wars Journal, July 30, 2015.

Women in Combat. A new book explores women's challenges in combat zones. Read a book review of the book - Women at War -  by Patricia Kime at Military Times (July 27, 2015).

Female Ranger Students. It appears that two females currently in Ranger School are nearing the finish line. They recently passed through the Mountain Phase and are entering the Swamp Phase (Florida). Read more in a news report by Army Times (Jul 31, 2015).

Female Marine LtCol Wants Change. A female Marine officer, Kate Germano, is advocating higher standards for women Marines and she is getting into trouble for her views. (The New York Times, Jul 28, 2015).

Women and Special Operations. The head of U.S. Special Operations Command (General Votel) and Eric Olson (former SOCOM Cdr) talk about women in Special Operations and the Cultural Support Teams (CSTs). (Defense One, July 24, 2015).